Pollination biology of Oreocereus celsianus (Cactaceae), a columnar cactus inhabiting the high subtropical Andes

Larrea-Alcázar, Daniel M.; López, Ramiro Pablo

doi:10.1007/s00606-011-0485-4

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Nocturnal visits by moths have been recorded for other ornithophilous cactus species with extended floral lifespans ( e.g. Oreocereus celcianus ; Larrea‐Alcázar & López ); however, there was no evidence of nocturnal visits to the species studied here, even though the flowers remained open at night.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…; Fagua & Ackerman ). These traits are also present within other cacti of the tribe Trichocereeae, such as Oreocereus celsianus , whose main pollinators are hummingbirds (Larrea‐Alcázar & López ). The pollen colour of the studied species supports Rose & Barthlott () idea that red pollen is an ornithophilous trait in cacti; however, some bird‐pollinated species have yellow pollen, as reported here for some C. smaragdiflorus individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This feature is common in cactus species of the Trichocereeae tribe (Ortega‐Baes et al . ; Alonso‐Pedano & Ortega‐Baes ; Ortega‐Baes & Gorostiague ); however, self‐compatible species have also been found for this tribe (Sahley ; Larrea‐Alcázar & López ). Despite this dependence on pollinators, our results revealed a low visitation rate for both species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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How specialised is bird pollination in the Cactaceae?

Gorostiague

Ortega–Baes

2015

Plant Biol J

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Many cactus species produce 'bird' flowers; however, the reproductive biology of the majority of these species has not been studied. Here, we report on a study of the pollination of two species from the Cleistocactus genus, cited as an ornithophilous genus, in the context of the different ways in which they are specialised to bird pollination. In addition, we re-evaluate the level of specialisation of previous studies of cacti with bird pollination and evaluate how common phenotypic specialisation to birds is in this family. Both Cleistocactus species exhibited ornithophilous floral traits. Cleistocactus baumannii was pollinated by hummingbirds, whereas Cleistocactus smaragdiflorus was pollinated by hummingbirds and bees. Pollination by birds has been recorded in 27 cactus species, many of which exhibit ornithophilous traits; however, they show generalised pollination systems with bees, bats or moths in addition to birds being their floral visitors. Of all cactus species, 27% have reddish flowers. This trait is associated with diurnal anthesis and a tubular shape. Phenotypic specialisation to bird pollination is recognised in many cactus species; however, it is not predictive of functional and ecological specialisation in this family.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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How specialised is bird pollination in the Cactaceae?

Gorostiague

Ortega–Baes

2015

Plant Biol J

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“…On the other hand, in South American deserts, extratropical influences seem to extend up to very low latitudes; this is reflected in climate patterns reminiscent of more temperate latitudes below 20°and also in the biology of certain taxa, such as cacti, which show reproductive biologies more akin to extratropical counterparts (e.g. Badano & Schlumpberger 2005;Larrea-Alcázar & López 2011). Another interesting characteristic of these deserts is that a different granivorous community has evolved in them (Vásquez et al 1995;Marone et al 2000), so that ants and birds are the most important granivorous guilds (whereas rodents play that role elsewhere).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Differential effect of shade, water and soil type on emergence and early survival of three dominant species of the Atacama Desert

López

Squeo

2016

Austral Ecology

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Understanding the regeneration niche of species may allow us to gain insight into how communities are structured. In deserts, the regeneration niche is usually related to spaces beneath shrubs where shade cast by shrubs creates microenvironments that benefit seedlings and where even small amounts of rain may favour germination and establishment. Shade and water may also interact with different types of soils. However, species may have different requirements for germination and seedling survival. We could expect that shrub species with different drought tolerances exhibit different responses to the combination of these factors. We ask if responses of dominant species of the Atacama Desert to abiotic factors (shade, water and soil type) are related to their drought tolerance, a topic not exhaustively explored in shrubs growing in true deserts. We conducted two factorial experiments. The first one was designed to evaluate how shade (microhabitat) in combination with water may affect germination (emergence) and early survival. In the second experiment, we assessed the influence of shade in relation to soil type. Each species responded distinctively to the three variables under study, but in general, their emergence responses were more influenced by water (more water, greater emergence) than by microhabitat or soil type. Survival was influenced both by microhabitat and by water and was higher under shade and abundant water. Soil type affected only one of our species in terms of emergence. Species responses in general depended on their tolerance to stress. In one species, there was indication of a seed-seedling conflict. Our results show similar species responses to environmental constraints but also more or less unique responses that are related to their tolerance to drought and which may ultimately permit species coexistence. We found that shade may not be important for germination but may be crucial for survival in dry years.

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“…Britton & Rose, at latitude of 16°S, Rojas ) or unusual xenogamous pollination systems ( Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. Ex Salm‐Dyck) Riccob, at latitude of 21°S, Larrea‐Alcázar & López ), both of which are also present in species occurring even farther away from the equator (de Viana et al . ; Schlumpberger & Badano ; Ortega‐Baes et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive biology of Oreocereus fossulatus (Cactaceae), a long‐lived columnar cactus endemic to the tropical Andes

Larrea-Alcázar

López

Gutierrez

et al. 2018

Plant Species Biology

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The geographic dichotomy hypothesis suggests that columnar cacti inhabiting the tropics depend on flower visitors (birds and bats) for their pollination, showing highly specialized animal‐pollinated systems. This pattern has been demonstrated for the northern hemisphere; however, our knowledge of the species of columnar cacti growing in the southern tropics is still scarce. In this study, we studied the reproductive biology of Oreocereus fossulatus (Cactaceae, Tribe Trichocereae), an endemic, columnar cactus of the tropical Andes, to determine if its pollination system tends to be more generalized (mixed systems of autogamy and xenogamy) than specialized (xenogamy) as a consequence of the geographic position of where it lives. Observations of the frequency of visits showed that Patagona gigas (Trochillidae) is its main pollinator. It visits the flowers when they are open, coinciding with the periods of greater floral reward (dusk and dawn of the first day of anthesis). The treatments of autogamy, xenogamy and geitonogamy produced fruits, showing that O. fossulatus exhibits a generalized pollination system, in the same way as its congeneric species O. celsianus, which is distributed farther south in the Prepuna biogeographical region. Our results suggest that species partially specializing in pollination by hummingbirds and, besides, capable of autopollination, could be common in the tropical and subtropical Andes, probably as a response to the unpredictable environments present in their ecosystems.

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Pollination biology of Oreocereus celsianus (Cactaceae), a columnar cactus inhabiting the high subtropical Andes

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

How specialised is bird pollination in the Cactaceae?

How specialised is bird pollination in the Cactaceae?

Differential effect of shade, water and soil type on emergence and early survival of three dominant species of the Atacama Desert

Reproductive biology of Oreocereus fossulatus (Cactaceae), a long‐lived columnar cactus endemic to the tropical Andes

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