Pollination in <i>Dianthus deltoides</i> (Caryophyllaceae): Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on Visitation and Seed Set

Jennersten, Ola

doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1988.tb00200.x

Cited by 470 publications

(372 citation statements)

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“…Because pollinators visit only few flowers in each visit to an inflorescence of C. canjerana (Carmo, 2005), probably high visit frequency is important to increase the pollination efficiency and the reproductive success of this species. Variation in visitation rate among fragments of different sizes was also found for other species (Powell, & Powell, 1987;Jennersten, 1988;Quesada et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Lower fruit and seed set in plants of small habitat fragments have been observed for many species of tropical and temperate vegetation (e.g., Jennersten, 1988;Jennersten, & Nilsson, 1993;Aizen, & Feinsinger, 1994a;Byers, 1995;Oostermeijer, Altenburg, & den Nijs, 1995;Ågren, 1996;Cunningham, 2000;Quesada et al, 2003). Other species either do not show any different response in reproductive output between fragmented and continuous forest or present even higher reproductive output in smaller fragments and open areas than in continuous forest (e.g., Costin, Morgan, & Young, 2001;Dick, 2001;Lopes, & Buzato, 2007;Dunley et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive success of Cabralea canjerana (Meliaceae) in Atlantic forest fragments, Brazil

Franceschinelli

Carmo

Neto

et al. 2015

RBT

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Abstract:In Brazil, the Atlantic forest remnants have high biological diversity and a high level of endemism, but very little is known about the reproductive success of native species. Cabralea canjerana is a common tree in the Montane Atlantic forest, and its reproduction is highly dependent on pollinators. In order to contribute with the particular knowledge on this species, we collected data in three fragmented and three continuous forest sites, where the effects of fragmentation on both mutualistic (pollination) and antagonistic (seed predation) interactions were analysed. We determined fruit production and weight of 25 trees per site. The number of seeds and the percentage of predated and aborted seeds were also accessed for seven fruits of 10 trees per site. Pollinator visitation frequencies to flowers were recorded in two forest fragments and in two sites of the continuous forest. Our data showed that plants of C. canjerana produced more fruits (z-value=-8.24; p<0.0001) and seeds per fruit (z-value=-6.58; p=0.002) in the continuous than in the fragmented sites. This was likely due to differences in pollination, because the number of pollinator visits was higher in the continuous forest than in the fragments. Seed abortion (z-value=4.08, p<0.001) and predation (z-value=3.72, p=0.0002), on the other hand, were higher in the fragmented than in the continuous sites. Then, mutualistic and antagonistic interactions were affected by fragmentation, decreasing the reproductive success of the study tree. This study was the first to show a decrease in the reproductive output in forest fragments in an Atlantic forest tree species. This decrease may threaten the population structure and viability of C. canjerana in forest fragments. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (2): 515-524. Epub 2015 June 01.Key words: Cabralea canjerana, fruit production, habitat fragmentation, plant-pollinator interaction, moth pollination, reproductive success, pre-dispersal seed predation, seed set.Habitat fragmentation may disrupt plantpollinator interactions by changing the abundance and/or the identity of floral visitors (Lovejoy, 1980;Roubik, 1993;Aizen, & Feinsinger, 1994a;Aizen, & Feinsinger, 1994b;Matheson, Buchamann, O'Toole, Westrich, & Williams, 1996;Murcia, 1996;Prach, Pysek, & Smilauer, 1997). Because floral visitors can differ in their ability to transfer pollen, changes in the pollinator assemblages following fragmentation may affect plant reproductive success (Aizen, & Feinsinger, 1994b). Studies conducted during the past few decades show that fragmentation may affect the reproduction of various plant species in different ways. Most of these studies show decreases in the richness and abundance of pollinators and in the number of pollinator visits in response to fragmentation, leading to a decrease in the reproductive output of plants (Aizen, & Feinsinger, 1994a;Kolb, 2008). In contrast, other studies found no changes in the reproductive output of plants in fragmented habitats (e.g., Aldrich & Hamrick, 1998;Dick, 2001;Lopes, & Buzato, 2007;...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive success of Cabralea canjerana (Meliaceae) in Atlantic forest fragments, Brazil

Franceschinelli

Carmo

Neto

et al. 2015

RBT

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“…Jennersten 1988;Aizen & Feinsinger 1994;Agren 1996;Kunin & Iwasa 1996;Groom 1998). Despite the obvious importance of how mutualisms may persist in fragmented landscapes, little or no theory exists on their spatial dynamics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, plant species relying on animal vectors for pollination and seed dispersal suffer a reduction in reproductive success at low abundances because small patch sizes and increased isolation limit pollen transfer and prevent seed dispersal (Jennersten 1988;Aizen & Feinsinger 1994;Agren 1996;Kunin & Iwasa 1996;Groom 1998). Concern has also been mounting over region-wide declines of insect pollinators (Cane 2001;Packer & Owen 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Heterogeneity, Source‐Sink Dynamics, and the Local Coexistence of Competing Species

Amarasekare¹,

Nisbet²

2001

The American Naturalist

318

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Patch occupancy theory predicts that a trade-off between competition and dispersal should lead to regional coexistence of competing species. Empirical investigations, however, find local coexistence of superior and inferior competitors, an outcome that cannot be explained within the patch occupancy framework because of the decoupling of local and spatial dynamics. We develop two-patch metapopulation models that explicitly consider the interaction between competition and dispersal. We show that a dispersal-competition trade-off can lead to local coexistence provided the inferior competitor is superior at colonizing empty patches as well as immigrating among occupied patches. Immigration from patches that the superior competitor cannot colonize rescues the inferior competitor from extinction in patches that both species colonize. Too much immigration, however, can be detrimental to coexistence. When competitive asymmetry between species is high, local coexistence is possible only if the dispersal rate of the inferior competitor occurs below a critical threshold. If competing species have comparable colonization abilities and the environment is otherwise spatially homogeneous, a superior ability to immigrate among occupied patches cannot prevent exclusion of the inferior competitor. If, however, biotic or abiotic factors create spatial heterogeneity in competitive rankings across the landscape, local coexistence can occur even in the absence of a dispersal-competition trade-off. In fact, coexistence requires that the dispersal rate of the overall inferior competitor not exceed a critical threshold. Explicit consideration of how dispersal modifies local competitive interactions shifts the focus from the patch occupancy approach with its emphasis on extinctioncolonization dynamics to the realm of source-sink dynamics. The key to coexistence in this framework is spatial variance in fitness. Unlike in the patch occupancy framework, high rates of dispersal * Present address: Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637-1573; e-mail: amarasek@uchicago.edu. † E-mail: nisbet@lifesci.ucsb.edu.Am. Nat. 2001. Vol. 158, pp. 572- can undermine coexistence, and hence diversity, by reducing spatial variance in fitness.Keywords: competition, coexistence, spatial heterogeneity, source-sink dynamics, immigration, dispersal-competition trade-off.The issue of how species coexist in patchy environments is central to both basic and applied ecology. When competition for resources is asymmetric, a life-history tradeoff between competitive and dispersal abilities can lead to coexistence in a patchy environment (Skellem 1951). This idea has been formalized in the patch occupancy metapopulation framework (Levins 1969(Levins , 1970. The patch occupancy approach assumes that local competitive interactions occur on a much faster time scale relative to extinction-colonization dynamics (Cohen 1970;Levins and Culver 1971;Slatkin 1974;Hastings 1980;Nee and May 1992;Tilman et al. 1994). For instance,...

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“…We are therefore in great need of studies on the relationship between population size and components of fitness. The few studies that provide data on this subject are becoming classics (e.g., Jennersten 1988;Menges 1991), and any new paper providing such data would likely follow the same fate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Demography, Genetics, or Statistics: Comments on a Paper by Heschel and Paige

Ouborg

Groenendael

1996

Conservation Biology

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Pollination in Dianthus deltoides (Caryophyllaceae): Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on Visitation and Seed Set

Cited by 470 publications

References 22 publications

Reproductive success of Cabralea canjerana (Meliaceae) in Atlantic forest fragments, Brazil

Reproductive success of Cabralea canjerana (Meliaceae) in Atlantic forest fragments, Brazil

Spatial Heterogeneity, Source‐Sink Dynamics, and the Local Coexistence of Competing Species

Demography, Genetics, or Statistics: Comments on a Paper by Heschel and Paige

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