Pollinator limitation causes sexual reproductive failure in <i>ex situ</i> populations of self-compatible <i>Iris ensata</i>

Xiao, Yao; Jin, Dongmei; Jiang, Kai; Hu, Yonghong; Tong, Xin; Mazer, Susan J.; Chen, Xiao‐Yong

doi:10.1080/17550874.2019.1569170

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Additionally, high level of ex‐situ‐wild F ST can also be ascribed to the lack of effective pollinators in ex situ collections (Xiao et al. 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta‐analysis of genetic representativeness of plant populations under ex situ conservation in contrast to wild source populations

Wei

Jiang

2020

Conservation Biology

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Ex situ conservation is widely used to protect wild plant species from extinction. However, it remains unclear how genetic variation of ex situ plant collections reflects diversity of wild source populations. We conducted a global meta‐analysis of the genetic representativeness of ex situ populations by comparing genetic diversity (i.e., AR, allelic richness; He, expected heterozygosity; PPB, percent polymorphic bands; and SWI, Shannon–Winner index), inbreeding coefficient (FIS), and genetic differentiation between ex situ plant collections and their wild source populations. Genetic diversity (i.e., He, PPB, and SWI) was significantly lower in ex situ populations than their wild source populations, whereas genetic differentiation between ex situ and wild populations (ex‐situ‐wild FST), but not that among ex situ populations, was significantly higher than among wild populations. Outcrossing species, but not those with mixed mating system, had significantly lower genetic diversity in ex situ populations and significantly higher ex‐situ‐wild FST. When the collection size for ex situ conservation was ≥30 or 50, PPB, He, and ex‐situ‐wild FST were not significantly different between ex situ and wild populations, indicating a relatively high genetic representativeness. Collecting from the entire natural distribution range and mixing collections from different sources could significantly increase the genetic representativeness of ex situ populations. Type of ex situ conservation (i.e., planting or seed bank) had no effect on genetic representativeness. The effect size of He decreased and the effect size of ex‐situ‐wild FST increased as the duration of ex situ conservation increased. Our results suggest that current ex situ plant collections do not effectively capture the genetic variation of wild populations. Low genetic representativeness of ex situ populations was caused by both initial incomplete sampling from wild populations and genetic erosion during ex situ conservation. We emphasize that it is necessary to employ more thorough sampling strategies in future collecting efforts and to add new individuals where needed.

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“…Additionally, high level of ex‐situ‐wild F ST can also be ascribed to the lack of effective pollinators in ex situ collections (Xiao et al. 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4b), indicating that cultivation time is also a critical factor to determine the level of ex-situ-wild F ST . Additionally, high level of ex-situ-wild F ST can also be ascribed to the lack of effective pollinators in ex situ collections (Xiao et al 2019).…”

Section: Higher Genetic Differentiation Between Ex Situ and Wild Popumentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta‐analysis of genetic representativeness of plant populations under ex situ conservation in contrast to wild source populations

Wei

Jiang

2020

Conservation Biology

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“…The outer sepals of irises are equipped with raised beards, crests, signal patches, and midveins, which probably have significance for pollination ( Sapir et al 2005 ; Guan et al 2009 ; Xiao et al 2019 ). The sepal crest is an important character in the taxonomic delineation of higher ranks of Iris .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new natural hybrid of Iris (Iridaceae) from Chongqing, China

Xiao¹,

Yu²,

Zhou³

2021

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1,221

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A newly discovered natural hybrid, Iris × ampliflora Y.E. Xiao, F.Y. Yu & X.F. Chen (Iridaceae: subgenus Limniris section Lophiris) from Chongqing, China, is described and illustrated. This hybrid is morphologically similar to I. japonica Thunb. and I. wattii Baker, but can be distinguished by its giant leaves and large purple flowers. Phylogenetic trees based on cpDNA data support the separation of I. × ampliflora from other closely related species in the section Lophiris. According to its morphological features, molecular systematic evidence and chromosome data, we speculate that I. × ampliflora [31 chromosomes] likely is a new hybrid between I. japonica [2n = 32] and I. wattii [2n = 30].

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“…However, pollinator visits were less frequent, and no pollinator was observed in one of the ex situ populations. The consequence was inbreeding depression that limited seed set and germination, but it did not affect seedling survival (Xiao et al, 2019).…”

Section: Changes Driven By Pollination and Pollinator Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ conservation in botanical gardens – challenges and scientific potential preserving plant biodiversity

Kovács

Csergő

Csontos

et al. 2021

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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In the Anthropocene, the world’s plant diversity is threatened with extinction and the erosion of the genetic diversity of natural populations. According to the State of the World’s Plants and Fungi 2020 of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, two out of five of the ~350,000 known vascular plant species are at risk of extinction. Despite the considerable toolkit of biodiversity conservation practices, usually it is hard to choose the best option to stop biodiversity loss. Ex situ conservation has seen massive development due to radical losses of natural ecosystems, and its incrementing necessity has been underscored by Target 8 of the 2011-2020 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. As we crossed the finish line of this strategy in 2020, a review of the accumulated knowledge on the ex situ living collections has become particularly important. Despite the increasing attention received by ex situ conservation, studies on the sustainability, quality, and usability of the plant material prior to establishing the garden collections are few, leaving major gaps unfilled in terms of best ex situ conservation practices. Here we present an overview of the results and experiences in ex situ conservation focusing on living plant collections, with the aim of guiding conservation practitioners towards the most efficient working methods. We evaluate the future needs and perspectives of this conservation technique, based on case studies on both woody and herb species. Possible conservation applications and priorities suggested for future works are summarized.

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Pollinator limitation causes sexual reproductive failure in ex situ populations of self-compatible Iris ensata

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Meta‐analysis of genetic representativeness of plant populations under ex situ conservation in contrast to wild source populations

Meta‐analysis of genetic representativeness of plant populations under ex situ conservation in contrast to wild source populations

A new natural hybrid of Iris (Iridaceae) from Chongqing, China

Ex situ conservation in botanical gardens – challenges and scientific potential preserving plant biodiversity

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