Pollutant Deposition to Individual Leaves and Plant Canopies: Sites of Regulation and Relationship to Injury

TaylorJr., George E.; Hanson, P. J.; Baldocchi, Dennis

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1367-7_11

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…For the vegetation, physicochemical deposition is accompanied by active uptake through aboveground plant parts which in turn is influenced by compensation points and foliar N status of the plant considered. According to the resistance model (Taylor et al, 1988;Weseley, 1989;Gauger et al, 2000), the efficiency of this direct atmospheric N uptake is chiefly determined by the transfer resistance of the boundary layer on the surface of the leaf to its interior (substomatal area), the stomatal resistance and the mesophyll resistance inside the leaf cells. The total N uptake by vegetation at a given immission concentration results from this efficiency and the effective total leaf surface area.…”

Section: Principle Of the Itni Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the total nitrogen deposition by the 15N isotope dilution method and problems in extrapolating results to field scale

Russow

Böhme

2005

Geoderma

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Section: Principle Of the Itni Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the total nitrogen deposition by the 15N isotope dilution method and problems in extrapolating results to field scale

Russow

Böhme

2005

Geoderma

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“…The model calculates stomatal resistance (r s ) as the inverse of stomatal conductance, which is estimated based on the leaf photosynthetic rate, relative humidity, and surface CO 2 concentration using the Ball-Berry formula (for more details, see [46]). The mesophyll and cuticular resistance values are set based on those reported in the literature: for NO 2 , r m = 100 s m −1 [48] and r t = 20,000 s m −1 [49]; for O 3 , r m = 10 s m −1 [48] and r t = 10,000 s m −1 [50,51]; and for SO 2 , r m = 0 [49] and r t = 8000 s m −1 . As CO reduction is assumed to be independent of photosynthesis and transpiration, the resistance value for CO is set to 50,000 s m −1 in the in-leaf season and 1,000,000 s m −1 in the out-leaf season for all trees [52].…”

Section: Air Pollution Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Ecosystem Services for Park Trees: Sensitivity of i-Tree Eco Simulations to Light Exposure and Tree Species Classification

Pace

Biber

Pretzsch

et al. 2018

Forests

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Ecosystem modeling can help decision making regarding planting of urban trees for climate change mitigation and air pollution reduction. Algorithms and models that link the properties of plant functional types, species groups, or single species to their impact on specific ecosystem services have been developed. However, these models require a considerable effort for initialization that is inherently related to uncertainties originating from the high diversity of plant species in urban areas. We therefore suggest a new automated method to be used with the i-Tree Eco model to derive light competition for individual trees and investigate the importance of this property. Since competition depends also on the species, which is difficult to determine from increasingly used remote sensing methodologies, we also investigate the impact of uncertain tree species classification on the ecosystem services by comparing a species-specific inventory determined by field observation with a genus-specific categorization and a model initialization for the dominant deciduous and evergreen species only. Our results show how the simulation of competition affects the determination of carbon sequestration, leaf area, and related ecosystem services and that the proposed method provides a tool for improving estimations. Misclassifications of tree species can lead to large deviations in estimates of ecosystem impacts, particularly concerning biogenic volatile compound emissions. In our test case, monoterpene emissions almost doubled and isoprene emissions decreased to less than 10% when species were estimated to belong only to either two groups instead of being determined by species or genus. It is discussed that this uncertainty of emission estimates propagates further uncertainty in the estimation of potential ozone formation. Overall, we show the importance of using an individual light competition approach and explicitly parameterizing all ecosystem functions at the species-specific level.

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“…Mechanistic work has suggested HNO 3 , in contrast to other reactive N gases, is primarily deposited to the cuticle rather than taken up via stomata (Dasch 1989;Marshall and Cadle 1989). Modeling based on the chemical characteristics of HNO 3 (Taylor et al 1988;Hanson and Taylor 1990) and 15 N-HNO 3 tracer studies (e.g., Vose and Swank 1990) have further supported that HNO 3 is primarily deposited to leaf cuticles.…”

Section: Once In the Apoplast Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological ramifications of the direct foliar uptake of nitrogen

2008

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The foliar incorporation of various reactive forms of nitrogen (N) has been identified and studied for nearly 30 years. However, the ecosystem-level ramifications of this uptake pathway have only recently been considered by the scientific community. In this review, I present our current understanding of the foliar uptake process and then discuss why this pathway of N addition to ecosystems should be considered separately from the bulk deposition of N to the soil surface. Direct foliar uptake is a direct addition of N to plant metabolism and could potentially more readily influence plant growth compared to soildeposited N. Current ecosystem process models do not partition reactive N between foliar and soil entry pathways and the influence of N deposition on ecosystem C sequestration is likely inadequately represented in most models. I also outline several research priorities for the future understanding of the ecological consequences of foliar uptake of reactive N.

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Pollutant Deposition to Individual Leaves and Plant Canopies: Sites of Regulation and Relationship to Injury

Cited by 36 publications

References 69 publications

Determination of the total nitrogen deposition by the 15N isotope dilution method and problems in extrapolating results to field scale

Determination of the total nitrogen deposition by the 15N isotope dilution method and problems in extrapolating results to field scale

Modeling Ecosystem Services for Park Trees: Sensitivity of i-Tree Eco Simulations to Light Exposure and Tree Species Classification

Ecological ramifications of the direct foliar uptake of nitrogen

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