“Polluter pays or polluter enriching the retailers”:  the case of plastic bag levy failure in Botswana

Madigele, Patricia Kefilwe; Mogomotsi, Patricia K.

doi:10.4314/ejesm.v10i4.5

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Walaupun begitu masih terdapat penggunaan plastik secara luas di masyarakat. Penelitian Madigele and Mogomotsi (2017) juga menemukan bahwa tidak ada korelasi positif antara level pendidikan dengan penggunaan kantung plastik. Retribusi tidak menghalangi mayoritas pembelanja untuk menggunakan kantung plastik.…”

Section: Botswanaunclassified

“…Retribusi tidak menghalangi mayoritas pembelanja untuk menggunakan kantung plastik. Madigele and Mogomotsi (2017) menyatakan bahwa hasil pemungutan retribusi kantung plastik di akui sebagai pendapatan oleh para pengusaha ritel hal ini akibat pemerintah belum menerapkan mekanisme pemungutan retribusi yang dipotong oleh pengusaha ritel tersebut. Hal ini hanya memperkaya para pengusaha ritel sedangkan pemerintah tetap harus menanggung biaya konservasi alam.…”

Section: Botswanaunclassified

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Studi Komparasi Penerapan Kebijakan Penggunaan Kantung Plastik

Yustiani

Maryadi

2020

JPI

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Environmental Tax Reform, is the term used for changes in the taxation system where the tax object shifts from a 'good base', such as labor, capital or consumption to a 'bad base' such as activities that lead to environmental pollution. This development is the key to good implementation of environmentally sound fiscal policies. This study aims to compare the implementation of government policies on the consumption of plastic bags in several countries and the challenges in implementing these policies. The adoption of the policy significantly reduced the level of consumption of plastic bags in Ireland whereas in Botswana, Canada, South Africa and China the reduction in consumption of plastic bags was only short-term. Reformasi Pajak Lingkungan, adalah istilah yang digunakan untuk perubahan dalam sistem perpajakan di mana objek pajak bergeser dari 'basis yang baik', seperti tenaga kerja, modal atau konsumsi menjadi 'basis yang buruk' seperti kegiatan yang mengarah pada pencemaran lingkungan. Perkembangan tersebut menjadi kunci penerapan yang baik atas kebijakan fiskal yang berwawasan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan implementasi kebijakan pemerintah atas konsumsi kantung plastik di beberapa negara dan tantangan dalam implementasi kebijakan tersebut. Penerapan kebijakan secara signifikan mengurangi tingkat konsumsi kantung plastik di Irlandia sedangkan di Botswana, Kanada, Afrika Selatan dan China penurunan konsumsi kantung plastik hanya bersifat jangka pendek.

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Section: Botswanaunclassified

Studi Komparasi Penerapan Kebijakan Penggunaan Kantung Plastik

Yustiani

Maryadi

2020

JPI

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“…As argued by Madigele and Mogomotsi (2017), the retailers have been treating the plastic levy as part of their profits since the introduction of the plastic levy in 2007. This is because the government has no mechanisms in place to claim the levies paid by consumers from the retailers.…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an effort to curb external costs associated with plastic bag litter, the government of Botswana concurrently introduced a ban on the manufacturing and importation of plastic bags with less than minimum thickness of 24 microns and the plastic bag levy. In so doing, Botswana was joining countries such as Ireland and South Africa, with levies designed for and targeted at consumers with the aim of reducing consumption and/or demand for plastic bags (Convery et al, 2007; Madigele and Mogomotsi, 2017; Madigele et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic bag usage in a taxed environment: Investigation on the deterrent nature of plastic levy in Maun, Botswana

Mogomotsi

Phonchi

2018

Waste Manag Res

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Following the discovery of diamonds in Botswana, there was widespread use of plastic bags, possibly as a positive reaction to the change in economic and financial landscape of the country. The excessive use of plastic bags by consumers throughout Botswana, however, imposed several negative externalities to the environment and consequently to livelihoods through their effects on wildlife and livestock. The government of Botswana, in an effort to mitigate the negative impacts of plastic bags on the environment, introduced both a ban of plastics with less than minimum thickness and a plastic bag levy. This study assesses if the plastic bag levy regulation by the government is achieving its goal of reducing the use of plastic bags in Botswana, where Maun is used as a case study. It analyses consumers’ perceptions about the plastic levy and its effects on their consumption. A total of 154 semi-structured questionnaires were administered through random selections of respondents at two shopping malls in Maun. In conclusion, the study established that although the levy is well targeted on consumers as sources of plastic bag litter, the levy is yet to attain its intended purpose of effecting a reduction of plastic bags demanded and/or consumed in Maun.

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“…Nevertheless, some developing countries e.g. Botswana, did confront obstacles because of poor regulatory framework and had strived till now to have an effective levies collection (Madigele and Mogomotsi, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zero-Waste Campaign: Assessment on University Student’s Behaviour, Awareness, and Impact on Plastic Products

Hamid

Yahaya

2020

MJSSH

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Plastic products are cheap and practically easy to use in human daily life. However, the product is well-known for being difficult to decompose and have become a main source of environmental pollution. Hence, it is important to continuously educate the young generation on the importance of environmental pollution and conservation. Therefore, our objective is to assess the behaviours and awareness of students who are using plastic products and the impact of the zero-waste campus campaign in Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus (UPMKB). About 249 respondents were interviewed face to face using designed survey forms, after a year the campaign had been launched. The results indicated that the respondents’ behaviour was still dependent on plastic products. However, their awareness was considered alert enough with 46.79% being aware that the products were difficult to decompose. The imposed levy charge of MYR0.50 (USD0.12) in UPMKB provided a significant impact on reducing plastic usage where 83.94% supported the campaign by bringing their own food containers. The outcomes from this campaign may continuously raise awareness behaviour among future generations to reduce plastics usage and to conserve nature.

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“Polluter pays or polluter enriching the retailers”: the case of plastic bag levy failure in Botswana

Abstract: It has been almost ten years since the introduction of plastic levy in

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Studi Komparasi Penerapan Kebijakan Penggunaan Kantung Plastik

Studi Komparasi Penerapan Kebijakan Penggunaan Kantung Plastik

Plastic bag usage in a taxed environment: Investigation on the deterrent nature of plastic levy in Maun, Botswana

Zero-Waste Campaign: Assessment on University Student’s Behaviour, Awareness, and Impact on Plastic Products

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