Pollution characteristics and ecological risk of heavy metals in ballast tank sediment

Feng, Daolun; Chen, Xiaofei; Qian, Qun; Shen, Hao; Liao, Dexiang; Lv, Baoyi

doi:10.1007/s11356-016-8113-z

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A study by Nosrati-Ghods et al [42] found that values of Cr (2.1 mg L −1 ) and Ni (0.029 mg L −1 ) in ballast water were higher than in seawater. Research by Feng et al [43] also found increased contents of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, and As in ballast tank sediments. High contents of Cu and Cr, and the highest value of Pb were also recorded in Dapeng cove (S12) with the presence of cage aquaculture.…”

Section: Mean Concentrations and Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Concentrations, Distribution, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Daya Bay, China

Tang

Yan

et al. 2018

Water

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Surface sediment samples were collected from 19 sites throughout Daya Bay, China to study the concentrations, spatial distributions, potential ecological risk, and possible sources of heavy, including metals copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and chromium (Cr). The mean concentrations of the eight heavy metals were 24, 109, 6.5, 0.09, 35.3, 26.8, 0.07, and 109 µg g −1 , respectively. The concentrations of most heavy metals were within range of those recorded in previous years. The spatial distribution pattern of most heavy metals were similar, with lowest values recorded along the southeast coast and the open sea area; the highest values were recorded in the northern Daya Bay, especially the northwest. Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg were classified as Class I, and Ni and Cr were classified as Class II according to the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) of China. The potential ecological risk (E i f) indices of Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Ni, and Cr specify that these metals pose low risk to the ecosystem of the Bay, whereas Cd and Hg pose a very high risk in some sites. The geoaccumulation indices (I geo) of Cu, Zn, As, Ni, and Cr specify weak or no pollution in Daya Bay, whereas those of Pb, Cd, and Hg in some sites indicate moderate or even high pollution. Spatial distribution, carbon/nitrogen analysis, Pearson correlation, and principal components analysis indicated that Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Ni, Cr, total organic carbon (TOC), and total nitrogen (TN) originated from the same sources. Ballast water or sewage from the cargo ships that park at the harbors or anchor in the Bay were the important sources for Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Ni, Cr, TOC, and TN. Other anthropogenic sources, such as agricultural runoff and aquaculture, might also be responsible, whereas Hg and Cd originated from other point sources.

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Section: Mean Concentrations and Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) of China [43] are commonly used to assess the sediment quality in China. Based on Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Cd contents, sediment quality is classified into three functional classes: Class I (sediment quality suitable for nature reserve, mariculture, and etc.…”

Section: Ecological Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations, Distribution, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Daya Bay, China

Tang

Yan

et al. 2018

Water

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“…In the laboratory, samples were allowed to dry naturally at the ambient temperature. Before screening, the sediment samples were subjected to disaggregation and sorted into different particle sizes using a stainless-steel mesh (Feng et al, 2017). Samples were grounded to a fine powder using an electric agate mortar for less than 20 minutes, with around ten grams of each sample.…”

Section: Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of heavy metals on aquatic life and human health: a case study of River Ravi Pakistan

Ahamad,

Yao,

Ren

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Heavy-metal contamination in river and ocean is a critical environmental issue that endangers marine ecosystems and human health. Therefore, conducting extensive research to devise effective mitigation measures is imperative. Sediment samples were taken randomly throughout the study area. Analysis was done to determine the presence of different metals, including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, lead, and manganese. The assessment of different pollution levels was done by using various pollution indicators including “geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF)” for accuracy. The Igeo measurement for Cd indicated varying pollution, ranging from moderate to significantly polluted, while Mn revealed no contamination. Elements such as Ni, Cr, Cu, and Zn showed a moderate level of contamination. The contamination factor values exhibited a range of 0.436 (Pb) to 7.637 (Cd), with average values spanning from 0.9176 (Mn) to 4.9714 (Cd), suggesting significant regional variation. EF exhibits a pattern of contamination comparable to that of Igeo. The noncarcinogenic risk associated with exposure to Cd and As exceeded the higher limit (HI > 1) for children and adults. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk presented by pollutants such as copper (Cu), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr) was found to exceed the limits in children. In adults, only arsenic (As) and copper (Cu) were shown to represent a higher risk of cancer than the limit of 10−4. The PCA analysis revealed that two (PCs) accounted for more than 65% of the total variance in the River Ravi, as determined by eigenvalues greater than 1. This study underscores the importance of the ongoing monitoring and management of heavy-metal pollution to ensure sustainable marine ecosystem development and public health protection.

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“…Marine sediments accumulate in ship ballast compartments together with corrosion products from the machinery used to manage water intake and output. Collectively, these solid phases form a ballast tank sediment or sludge [1,5,8,9]. The entrainment and accumulation of marine sediment in ballast tanks is common, particularly when a vessel takes on ballast water in relatively shallow areas [5,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Communities in Model Seawater-Compensated Fuel Ballast Tanks: Biodegradation and Biocorrosion Stimulated by Marine Sediments

Duncan,

Dominici,

Nanny

et al. 2024

CMD

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Some naval vessels add seawater to carbon steel fuel ballast tanks to maintain stability during fuel consumption. Marine sediments often contaminate ballast tank fluids and have been implicated in stimulating fuel biodegradation and enhancing biocorrosion. The impact of the marine sediment was evaluated in model ballast tank reactors containing seawater, fuel (petroleum-F76, Fischer–Tropsch F76, or a 1:1 mixture), and carbon steel coupons. Control reactors did not receive fuel. The marine sediment was added to the reactors after 400 days and incubated for another year. Sediment addition produced higher estimated bacterial numbers and enhanced sulfate reduction. Ferrous sulfides were detected on all coupons, but pitting corrosion was only identified on coupons exposed to FT-F76. Aerobic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria increased, and the level of dissolved iron decreased, consistent with the stimulation of aerobic hydrocarbon degradation by iron. We propose that sediments provide an inoculum of hydrocarbon-degrading microbes that are stimulated by dissolved iron released during steel corrosion. Hydrocarbon degradation provides intermediates for use by sulfate-reducing bacteria and reduces the level of fuel components inhibitory to anaerobic bacteria. The synergistic effect of dissolved iron produced by corrosion, biodegradable fuels, and iron-stimulated hydrocarbon-degrading microbes is a poorly recognized but potentially significant biocorrosion mechanism.

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Pollution characteristics and ecological risk of heavy metals in ballast tank sediment

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Concentrations, Distribution, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Daya Bay, China

Concentrations, Distribution, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Daya Bay, China

Impact of heavy metals on aquatic life and human health: a case study of River Ravi Pakistan

Microbial Communities in Model Seawater-Compensated Fuel Ballast Tanks: Biodegradation and Biocorrosion Stimulated by Marine Sediments

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