“…So far, different sources for GWs in the troposphere have been identified, e.g. flow over orography, convection, jets and fronts, as well as secondary generation in the region of GW breaking (Smith, 1979;Gill, 1982;Baines, 1995;Fritts and Alexander, 2003;Sutherland, 2010;Plougonven and Zhang, 2014;Vadas et al, 2003). GWs are propagating from their sources in the troposphere and the tropopause region (Sato et al, 2009;Fritts et al, 2016).…”