Poluição por Cádmio e lesão renal em habitantes de Santo Amaro da purificação, Bahia

Carvalho, Fernando Martins; Neto, Annibal Muniz Silvany; Lima, Maria Engracia Chavez; Mendes, João Luiz Barberino; Quaglia, Gilca Maria Cardoso; Tavares, Tania Mascarenhas

doi:10.22278/2318-2660.1984.v11.n2/3.a917

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In the meantime, three new studies were carried out by the PEER Group: the first published in 1995, with cattle grazing on Plumbum's premises, revealed that the rates of chromosomal alterations were higher among animals from Santo Amaro (5.6%) than among control animals (0.3%), while the mean lead level in Santo Amaro cattle was 24.4 µg/dl and 1.7 µg/dl among control animals; the second study showed high concentrations of lead, cadmium and organochlorides in sediments and molluscs from the entire ecosystem north of Todos os Santos Bay (TAVARES 1996); and the third in 1998, in children exposed to slag stirred up from the sub-base of the paving the Ruy Barbosa Street, in Santo Amaro, when they were opened for the implementation of the Bahia Azul Project, an environmental sanitation program for Salvador and the cities surrounding the TSB found that the mean level and the respective standard deviation of the children's PbS was 17.1±7.34 µg/dl (CARVALHO et al 2001) In December 1998, the Department of Mining Engineering at the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo (PMI) concluded the first investigation on the toxicity and contamination routes resulting from the leaching of slag on the Plumbum's premises (soil, surface, and groundwater ), the main geochemical processes and physical-chemical parameters responsible for the retention or availability of metals, as well as a proposal for a remediation and monitoring technique for the area.…”

Section: The Plumbum Co Environmental Liabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Physical Environment of the Plumbum Mining and Metallurgy Co. in Santo Amaro - Bahia, Brazil

Anjos,

Sánchez

2023

Geologia Ambiental E Médica Do Estado Da Bahia

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The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the efficiency of a wetland that occurs on the premises of a lead industrial plant located in Santo Amaro da Purificação, Bahia, as a measure to control contamination from a slag dam contaminated with heavy metals. Initially, an annual survey was proposed with weekly sampling of rainwater and surface water from the wetland, in order to assess the efficiency of the wetland, by surveying the concentrations of metals from the leaching and/or slag solubilization processes in their entry and exit points from the flooded system and concentrations and potential availability of the metals retained in the sediments of the floodplain. The following parameters were selected: for rainwater, pH and volume; for surface water, the concentrations of the metals Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Aluminum (Al), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg) and Calcium ( Ca) and support parameters pH, Eh, conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen (OD) and temperature. For the soil and sediment of the wetland, the concentrations of metals like Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu e, determination by analyses of the sequential extraction of the total removed by the system in its different phases and the potential availability of heavy metals. However, a modification of the investigation strategy had to be made due to a court decision that determined the covering of the slag and closing of the access to the wetland. The work was then divided into three phases, considering the surveys carried out before, during and after the coating. The data collected in the five months before the coating showed that the metals cadmium, lead, copper and zinc have been retained by the wetland and that this system was 100% efficient for the copper and zinc metals, 82% for the lead and 73 % for cadmium. The support parameters that influence the removal of these metals were the pH, between neutral to alkaline, and Eh, in the surface water oxidation range, besides the high cation exchange capacity of the montmorillonite present in the sediment. As for the potential availability of metals, cadmium, lead and zinc present high values, while copper is preferentially concentrated in the residual phase. The second stage of the survey carried out during the slag coating showed that there was little migration of metals from the wetland area, although the company did not comply with the technical standards for slag coating. In the third stage, a survey was carried out at the exit of the wetland and the drainage near the Subaé River. The analyses showed the great availability of cadmium in the flooded system, a mechanism triggered by the erosion of the contaminated soil disposed on the slag and the great solubility of cadmium. It can thus be concluded that the wetlands are efficient in retaining metals. The reduction of its area is undesirable, as it tends to decrease its efficiency, as a surface water pollution control system. It is recommended to build a new wetland downstream of the existing one.

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Section: The Plumbum Co Environmental Liabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Physical Environment of the Plumbum Mining and Metallurgy Co. in Santo Amaro - Bahia, Brazil

Anjos,

Sánchez

2023

Geologia Ambiental E Médica Do Estado Da Bahia

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“…This smelter used the classical sinterroasting process followed by smelting and refining (de Andrade Bernardez 2010, 2011a, b;Habashi 2002). Many studies indicate that people living near this smelter were affected by potentially toxic elements, especially Pb and Cd (Mendes 1977;Loureiro et al 1983;Tavares et al 1983Tavares et al , 1989Carvalho et al 1984aCarvalho et al , b, c, 1985Carvalho et al , 1986Carvalho et al , 1989aCarvalho et al , b, 1995Carvalho et al , 1996Carvalho et al , 1997Carvalho et al , 2003, 1987Tavares and Carvalho 1992). An epidemiological survey of children born after the lead smelter closedown and living near the smelter indicates persistently high blood Pb levels (Carvalho et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of the chemical stability of a landfilled primary lead smelting slag

Lima

Bernardez

2012

Environ Earth Sci

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A primary lead smelter operating in Santo Amaro, Bahia, Brazil, from 1960 to 1993 generated a large amount of slag that was landfilled close to the former smelter and used in roads and houses as a construction material. To evaluate the stability of the slag classical leaching procedures (TCLP, SWEP and SPLP) were applied. In addition, samples of the slag were placed in contact with HCl, HNO 3 , HOAc and NaOH solutions for about 24 h at room temperature to simulate acidic and alkaline environments over a wide pH range. In the acidic environment Ca, Fe and Si are strongly solubilized, and Pb and Zn solubilization was significant only below pH 3. The lead slag was also in contact with purified water for a period of 30 days. The results show that Ca and Si were solubilized and Pb, Fe, and Zn were not detected in the solution. The solubilization kinetics are second order processes for both Ca and Si. The initial solubilization rate for Ca and Si are 4.6 and 0.6 mg/L/day, respectively. The main implication of these results is that the major potentially toxic elements of the lead slag landfilled at Santo Amaro were stabilized for a short contact time with pure water and for alkaline and acidic solutions to a pH of about 3 and the groundwater and the surface water contamination found at Santo Amaro smelter region cannot be directly attributed to the landfilled lead slag.

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“…Em face do ocorrido, o CRA notificou a referida empresa para requerer o licenciamento ambiental.O parecer técnico 055/95-SFA/CRA determinou que a fabrica de guardanapos Boka Loka, não poderia iniciar operação, antes que fossem adotadas as exigências ambientais previstas na Legislação Ambiental do Estado da Bahia e a implantação do Plano de disposição final da escória pela Plumbum. BTS, constatou que o nível médio e o respectivo desvio padrão do PbS das crianças foi de 17,17,34 g/dl(CARVALHO et al 2001) Em dezembro de 1998 foi concluído no Departamento de Engenharia de Minas da O PDU de Santo Amaro foi a primeira tentativa de avaliar o solo contaminado de toda a cidade. Por meio de 10 amostras de solo coletadas em diferentes ruas foram analisadas as concentrações de chumbo total e seus resultados comparados com as concentrações utilizadas na Europa para multifuncionalidade do solo.…”

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Diagnóstico Ambiental do Meio Físico da Plumbum Mineração e Metalurgia Ltda

2021

Geologia Ambiental E Médica Do Estado Da Bahia

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Poluição por Cádmio e lesão renal em habitantes de Santo Amaro da purificação, Bahia

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Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of the Physical Environment of the Plumbum Mining and Metallurgy Co. in Santo Amaro - Bahia, Brazil

Assessment of the Physical Environment of the Plumbum Mining and Metallurgy Co. in Santo Amaro - Bahia, Brazil

Evaluation of the chemical stability of a landfilled primary lead smelting slag

Diagnóstico Ambiental do Meio Físico da Plumbum Mineração e Metalurgia Ltda

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