Poly(4-vinylaniline)/Polyaniline Bilayer-Functionalized Bacterial Cellulose for Flexible Electrochemical Biosensors

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibril network is modified with an electrically conductive polyvinylaniline/polyaniline (PVAN/PANI) bilayer for construction of potential electrochemical biosensors. This is accomplished through surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of 4-vinylaniline, followed by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. A uniform coverage of BC nanofiber with 1D supramolecular PANI nanostructures is confirmed by FTIR, XRD and CHN elemental analysis. Cyclic voltammograms evince the switching in the electrochemical behavior of 2 BC/PVAN/PANI nanocomposites from the redox peaks at 0.74 V, in the positive scan and at-0.70 V, in the reverse scan, (at 100 mV.s-1 scan rate). From these redox peaks, PANI is the emeraldine form with the maximal electrical performance recorded, showing charge-transfer resistance as low as 21 Ω and capacitance as high as 39 μF. The voltage-sensible nanocomposites can interact with neural stem cells (NSCs) isolated from subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain, through stimulation and characterization of differentiated SVZ cells into specialized and mature neurons with long neurites measuring up to 115±24 μm length after 7 days of culture without visible signs of cytotoxic effects. The findings pave the path to the new effective nanobiosensor technologies for nerve regenerative medicine, which demands both electroactivity and biocompatibility.

Recent developments in bio-scaffold materials as delivery strategies for therapeutics for endometrium regeneration

“…The dense structure of BC networks has pores whose sizes are not large enough to allow migration. Supplementation of other materials such as silk fibroin (SF) increased pore size and subsequently, induced a significant increase in cell adhesion and cell viability in comparison with pure BC [ [106] , [107] , [108] ]. Cai et al.…”

Surface Topography and Electrical Signaling: Single and Synergistic Effects on Neural Differentiation of Stem Cells

“…After 7 days of culture, the SVZ cells differentiated into specialized and mature neurons with long neurites measuring up to 115 ± 24 μm in length. [128] Random and aligned conductive nanofibers composed of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and Ppy were fabricated via electrospinning to investigate the synergetic effects of topographical features and electrical properties on differentiation of PC12 cells. In order to provide a better microenvironment for cell attachment and neurite outgrowth, the hydrophobicity of nanofibers surface was boosted by poly-ornithine coating.…”

Commercial and potential applications of bacterial cellulose in Brazil: ten years review

“…When Graphene/Carbon Nanotube/Bacterial Cellulose (RGO/CNT/BC) architecture was designed as substrate for loading polypyrrole (PPy), Bai et al [116] showed that flexible supercapacitor exhibits stable electrochemical performance under bending and flat conditions. Similarly, Rebelo et al [117] synthesized an electrically conductive BC/Polyvinylaniline/ Polyaniline (BC/PVAN/PANI) nanobiosensor for potential use in nerve regenerative medicine, which demands both electroactivity and biocompatibility. BC has also become a valuable for production of lithium-ion batteries (LIB).…”