Poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymers containing 5‐nitroisophthalic units. I. Synthesis and characterization

Kint, Darwin P. R.; Martínez, Antxon; Ilarduya, De; Muñoz‐Guerra, Sebastián

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(20000601)38:11<1934::aid-pola20>3.3.co;2-z

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Although the agreement found between copolyester composition and feed might be, overall, acceptable, the SIP unit content was slightly less than the feed molar ratio, whereas the fourth unit content was slightly more than the feed molar ratio. Similar to the other researches on the polycondensation of copolyesters containing isophthalate unit,23–25 the slightly low SIP unit content in the prepared copolyester might be explained by the occurrence of side reaction cyclic dimerization of SIP during polycondensation. The fourth monomer possessed higher boiling point and lower volatility than EG, as mentioned earlier, thereby it was more difficult to extract during polycondensation, resulting in the slight richness of the fourth unit content in the prepared copolyester.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Structures and properties of easily dyeable copolyesters and their fibers respectively modified by three kinds of diols

Fu¹,

Gu²

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Three kinds of modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolyesters were synthesized, using sodium‐5‐sulfo‐bis‐(hydroxyethyl)‐isophthalate as the third monomer, 1,3‐propanediol (PDO), 2‐methyl‐1,3‐propanediol (MPD), and 2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐propanediol (neopentyl glycol or NPG) as the fourth monomer, respectively. The copolyester fibers were also prepared by melt spinning and drawing processes. The effect of PDO, MPD, and NPG on the synthesis and spinning process was investigated, and the structures and properties of both copolyesters and the produced fibers were characterized. The results exhibited that the structural difference of PDO, MPD, and NPG played an important role in the synthesis and spinning process, and significantly affected the structures and properties of both copolyesters and the produced fibers, which thereby resulted in the difference in terms of dyeability improvement of copolyester fibers. The dyeing at boiling temperature under normal pressure experiments of copolyester fibers in both disperse dyebath and cationic dyebath revealed that incorporation of the fourth monomer could improve the dyeability of copolyester fiber, and copolyester fiber containing MPD unit had better dyeability due to a looser, more accessible structure when compared with the fiber containing PDO or NPG unit. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Structures and properties of easily dyeable copolyesters and their fibers respectively modified by three kinds of diols

Fu¹,

Gu²

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The PET t BI copolyesters described in the present work were prepared by a two‐step melt‐polycondensation as indicated in Figure 1. This procedure has been previously used by us in the preparation of PET copolymers containing 5‐nitroisophthalic11 and nitroterephthalic22 units. The first step, transesterification of DMT and t BIA with EG to form bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) terephthalate and bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) 5‐ tert ‐butyl isophthalate (BHE t BI) compounds, was accomplished at 190–220 °C with the formation of methanol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, isophthalic acid containing copolymers display melting ( T m ) and T g temperatures both lower than PET and, in consequence, part of their expected advantages are lost. Conversely, PET copolymers containing 5‐nitroisophthalic units have been recently shown to have T g 's higher than PET along with an even more diminished crystallizability 11, 12. It is apparent that the presence of the bulky nitro group in the 1,3‐phenylene units hinders the rotation along the polymer chain as well as increases the intermolecular forces quantified by the cohesive energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymers containing 5‐tert‐butyl isophthalic units

Kint

Ilarduya

Muñoz‐Guerra

2001

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Poly(ethylene terephthalate‐co‐5‐tert‐butyl isophthalate) copolymers, abbreviated as PETtBI, with compositions ranging between 95/5 and 25/75, as well as the two parent homopolymers, PET and PEtBI, were prepared from comonomer mixtures by a two‐step melt‐polycondensation. Polymer intrinsic viscosities varied from 0.4 to 0.7 dL g−1 with weight‐average molecular weights ranging between 31,000 and 80,000. The copolymers were found to have a random microstructure with a composition according to that used in the corresponding feed. The melting temperature and crystallinity of PETtBI decreased with the content in 5‐tert‐butyl isophthalic units, whereas the glass‐transition temperature increased from 82 °C for PET up to 99 °C for PEtBI. Copolymerization slightly improved the thermal stability of PET. Preliminary X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that PETtBI adopt the same crystal structure as PET with the alkylated isophthalic units probably excluded from the crystal lattice. The homopolymer PEtBI appeared to be a highly crystalline polymer taking up a crystal structure clearly different from that of PET and PETtBI copolymers. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 1994–2004, 2001

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“…NMR is by far the technique of choice for the determination of the composition and chemical microstructure of PET copolyesters and terpolyesters . Regarding poly(ethylene terephthalate‐ co ‐isophthalate)s (PET x I y ), which are known to be the main PET modification used for plastic bottles, literature affords a good number of cases in which the copolyester is fully characterized .…”

Section: Copolyesters and Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Structure and Microstructure of Poly(alkylene terephthalate)s, their Copolyesters, and their Blends as Studied by NMR

Ilarduya

Muñoz‐Guerra

2014

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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The use of NMR spectroscopy in solution to investigate the chemical structure of engineering poly(alkylene terephthalate)s such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT), and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) is reviewed. Chemical defects present in the polyester chain, such as oxydialkylene units, as well as accompanying side products such as cyclic oligomers generated in the polycondensation, are well detected in 1H NMR spectra. The technique is also demonstrated to be effective for identifying, and even for quantifying in certain cases, the end groups of these polyterephthalates, including those that are generated in small amounts as a consequence of thermal degradation. The application of NMR to the study of the chemical microstructure of copolyesters derived from such polyterephthalates is also reviewed for its unique ability to determine comonomeric sequence lengths and degree of randomness (R). Copolyesters synthesized by either melt polycondensation or entropically driven ring opening polymerization, in addition to those prepared by solid‐state modification or melt blending, are the object of this review.

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Poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymers containing 5‐nitroisophthalic units. I. Synthesis and characterization

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Structures and properties of easily dyeable copolyesters and their fibers respectively modified by three kinds of diols

Structures and properties of easily dyeable copolyesters and their fibers respectively modified by three kinds of diols

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymers containing 5‐tert‐butyl isophthalic units

Chemical Structure and Microstructure of Poly(alkylene terephthalate)s, their Copolyesters, and their Blends as Studied by NMR

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