Poly(exTTF): A Novel Redox‐Active Polymer as Active Material for Li‐Organic Batteries

Abstract

The first polymer bearing exTTF units intended for the use in electrical charge storage is presented. The polymer undergoes a redox reaction involving two electrons at -0.20 V vs Fc/Fc(+) and is applied as active cathode material in a Li-organic battery. The received coin cells feature a theoretical capacity of 132 mAh g(-1) , a cell potential of 3.5 V, and a lifetime exceeding more than 250 cycles.

Synthesis and Charge–Discharge Properties of Organometallic Co­polymers of Ferrocene and Triphen­ylamine as Cathode Active Materials for Organic‐Battery Applications

“…However, they do have some glaring drawbacks, including heat issues, the presence of rare and toxic elements, and scale-up technical problems, which limit their practical applications. [1] In the past few years, organic cathode materials including conducting polymers, [2][3][4][5] organosulfur compounds, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] carbonyl derivatives, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] organic radical polymers, [25][26][27][28][29][30] and some other redox-active molecules [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] have been explored intensively. Organic compounds featuring versatile molecular designs and of the ferrocene and triphenylamine moieties are reversible after the first cycle.…”

Poly[N‐(10‐oxo‐2‐vinylanthracen‐9(10H)‐ylidene)cyanamide] as a novel cathode material for li‐organic batteries

“…The synthetic route of polymer 4 is depicted in Scheme starting from commercially available 2‐aminoanthraquinone, which was transformed to 2‐iodoanthraquinone 1 by a p ‐toluene sulfonic acid supported Sandmeyer reaction . Different polymerizable groups such as acetylene, norbornene, or vinyl can be introduced by subsequent palladium catalyzed C–C cross‐coupling reactions due to the iodine substituent.…”

“…2,2′‐Azo bis ( iso ‐butyronitrile) (AIBN) was recrystallized from methanol prior to use. 2‐Iodoanthraquinone ( 1 ) and 2‐vinylanthraquinone ( 2 ) were synthesized according to literature procedures . Unless otherwise noted, all reactions were performed under inert argon atmosphere.…”

“…sodium salts of carboxylic or sulfonic acids . Group II represents compounds with modified redox core, such as tetracyanoanthraquinone dimethanes or (π‐extended) tetrathiafuvalene systems, whose redox mechanism is based on one two‐electron reaction . However, the major drawback in the application of small quinonide molecules as active electrode material is their solubility in common organic electrolytes, which leads to a rapid capacity decrease within the first charge/discharge cycles.…”

Synthesis and characterization of new redox-active polymers based on 10-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)anthracen-9(10H)-one derivatives

“…The most prominent examples are (pextended) tetrathiafulvalenes (exTTF) having a two-electron oxidation [8]. This compound class possesses good electrical properties due to the extended p-electron delocalization.…”