Poly(lactic acid)/titanium dioxide nanocomposite films: Influence of processing procedure on dispersion of titanium dioxide and photocatalytic activity

Zhu, Yunfeng; Buonocore, Giovanna G.; Lavorgna, Marino; Ambrosio, Luigi

doi:10.1002/pc.21068

Cited by 47 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…As it can be seen, the Young's modulus (YM) of composites had a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) with the addition of TiO 2 up to 2.5g TiO 2 /100 g PLLA. Regarding the TS, the better results were also achieved when adding 2.5g TiO 2 /100 g PLLA (an increase of 13.5 % in relation to pristine PLLA (2011) where the TS of PLA composites increased up to a limit of 2 g TiO 2 /100g of PLA, due to the reinforcing effect of nanoparticles and after this load the TS was reduced (5 and 10 g TiO 2 /100g PLA), probably related to the aggregation of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix 9 . The addition of HNT in the PLLA matrix did not provided any improvement in the mechanical properties of nanocomposites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and moisture barrier properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and halloysite nanotubes reinforced polylactic acid (PLA)

Alberton

Martelli

Fakhouri

et al. 2014

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. Polylactic acid (PLA) has been larger used in biomedical field due to its low toxicity and biodegradability. The aim of this study was to produce PLLA nanocomposites, by melt extrusion, containing Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) and/or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles. Immediately after drying, PLLA was mechanically homogenized with the nanofillers and then melt blended using a single screw extruder (L/D = 30) at a speed of 110 rpm, with three heating zones in which the following temperatures were maintained: 150, 150 and 160ºC (AX Plásticos model AX14 LD30). The film samples were obtained by compression molding in a press with a temperature profile of 235 ± 5ºC for 2.5 min, after pressing, films were cooled up to room temperature. The mechanical tests were performed according to ASTM D882-09 and the water vapor permeability (WVP) was measured according to ASTM E-96, in triplicate. The tensile properties indicated that the modulus was improved with increased TiO 2 content up to 1g/100g PLLA. The Young's modulus (YM) of the PLA was increased from 3047 MPa to 3222 MPa with the addition of 1g TiO 2 /100g PLLA. The tensile strength (TS) of films increases with the TiO 2 content. In both cases, the YM and TS are achieved at the 1% content of TiO 2 and is due to the reinforcing effect of nanoparticles. Pristine PLA showed a strain at break (SB) of 3.56%, while the SB of nanocomposites were significant lower, for instance the SB of composite containing 7.5 g HNT/100g PLLA was around 1.90 %. The WVP of samples was increased by increasing the nano filler content. It should be expected that an increase of nanofiller content would decrease the mass transfer of water molecules throughout the samples due to the increase in the way water molecules will have to cross to permeate the material. However, this was not observed. Therefore, this result can be explained considering the molecular structure of both fillers, which contain several hydroxyl groups in the surface, making the end material more hydrophilic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and moisture barrier properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and halloysite nanotubes reinforced polylactic acid (PLA)

Alberton

Martelli

Fakhouri

et al. 2014

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…[11][12][13] It has been found that filling with montmorillonite [14] or other nonorganic materials [15] can improve the barrier properties of PLA. However, the main obstacle of polymer/clay composites for food packaging application is the potential toxicity of the nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Barrier Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) by Blending with Poly(Ethylene-Co-Vinyl Alcohol)

Gui

Zhang

et al. 2012

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) blends were prepared via melt blending to improve the barrier properties of PLA. The phase morphologies and final properties (rheological behavior, thermal and dynamical-mechanical features, barrier properties, and mechanical behaviors) of the blends were investigated as a function of the EVOH content. The results indicated that hydroxyl groups of EVOH promoted the degradation of PLA, and thus affected the viscosities and morphologies of the resulting blends. The intrinsic viscosities of PLA in the blends decreased with the content of EVOH. The PLA and EVOH presented typical phase-separated morphologies,with a relatively small domain size of the EVOH phase. The EVOH enhanced the coldcrystallization behavior of PLA. The barrier properties to water vapor and oxygen increased linearly with increasing EVOH content.

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“…Over the past few years, many reports have been demonstrated that the blending of nanoparticles (NPs) into membrane matrix is a simple and effective method to solve the above problems. Traditional NP additives include titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), and carbon nanotubes . The incorporation of NPs can play a crucial role in improving the microstructure of membrane by forming higher porosity, bigger pore size, and thicker skin layer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐flux PVDF membrane incorporated with β‐cyclodextrin modified halloysite nanotubes for dye rejection and Cu (II) removal from water

Yang

et al. 2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The application of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane is impeded by its intrinsic hydrophobic property. In this work, a series of novel membranes were fabricated by blending different contents of β‐cyclodextrin modified halloysite nanotubes (β‐CD‐HNTs) into the casting solution. Elemental mapping images confirmed the good dispersion of β‐CD‐HNTs in the PVDF membrane matrix. The microstructure of membrane was improved as revealed by the morphological characterizations. Besides, the permeation and separation performances of all membranes were extensively studied. The results demonstrated that as‐prepared blend membranes exhibited better hydrophilicity, which included lower contact angle and higher water flux than pristine PVDF membrane. In the separation experiments, the dye rejection for the blend membranes was not declined (85%‐90%), even though the pore size of membranes was increased with the addition of β‐CD‐HNT nanoparticles. More importantly, because of the chelation reaction between β‐CD‐HNTs and heavy metal, the removal ratio of Cu (II) for 3 wt.% content of blend membrane could reach 20.9%, compared with unmodified membrane of 4.2%. After 3 filtration cycles, blend membranes showed superior antifouling property. Overall, this method demonstrated very promising characteristics for removing different scales of pollutants using membrane technology.

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Poly(lactic acid)/titanium dioxide nanocomposite films: Influence of processing procedure on dispersion of titanium dioxide and photocatalytic activity

Cited by 47 publications

References 33 publications

Mechanical and moisture barrier properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and halloysite nanotubes reinforced polylactic acid (PLA)

Mechanical and moisture barrier properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and halloysite nanotubes reinforced polylactic acid (PLA)

Improving the Barrier Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) by Blending with Poly(Ethylene-Co-Vinyl Alcohol)

High‐flux PVDF membrane incorporated with β‐cyclodextrin modified halloysite nanotubes for dye rejection and Cu (II) removal from water

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