Poly lactide-co-glycolide encapsulated nano-curcumin promoting antagonistic interactions between HSP 90 and XRCC1 proteins to prevent cypermethrin-induced toxicity: An in silico predicted in vitro and in vivo approach

Nano-pelargonidin modulates p53/PARP/HSP 90/XRCC1 signaling axis to combat cypermethrin-induced genotoxicity and metabolic dysfunction in fish: a molecular docking predictedin vivoapproach

“…The smear was air-dried and fixed with Carnoy's fixative solution with the normal technique. 24 The slides were stained with Giemsa solution after fixation, and then observed under a compound microscope (Labomed Lx 300) under 40× magnification. Each set of 1000 erythrocytes underwent micronucleus test analysis.…”

“…We conducted an immunofluorescence study using anti-p53, PARP, HSP 90, and XRCC1 proteins (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., USA), and then, FITC-tagged secondary antibodies (Sigma, USA) were used in hepatic tissue, and the samples were observed under a confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss LSM 800) under 10× magnification. 17,24 The intensity of protein expression was measured using ImageJ software by using the same macros plugin for maintaining the same pixel size to form the heatmap.…”

“…[7][8][9] As reported, PLGA (poly-lactideco-glycolide), a non-toxic, biodegradable polymer (approved by FDA) is a well-known nanocarrier of drug components that can extend the persistence of newly designed drugs in the body by suspending the release of an inner drug component, which eventually improves the bioavailability, biocompatibility and prevent premature breakdown of the designed drug in the biological environment. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Nanotechnology presents an opportunity for designing nanoparticle-mediated drug-delivery systems that can address the precise challenges of optimum drug delivery in a multiple-fold decreased dose through a cost-effective strategy. 27,28 In this research work, plant-derived chemicals were preferred over synthetic molecules due to their non-toxicity/ limited toxicity, low cost, and ease of availability.…”

“…The phytocompound pelargonidin (PG), a natural anthocyanidin, has been reported to exhibit vaso-protective, 40 anti-inflammatory, 41 anti-carcinogenic, 42 anti-obesity, 43 and anti-diabetic 44,45 activities by rescuing cells and tissues from cytotoxicity and genotoxicity caused by several toxicants, both in its phytochemical form and nano-encapsulated forms. 16–49 On the other hand, several toxicological investigations of xenobiotics have found a correlation with the impairment of key DNA repair proteins, such as p53, PARP, HSP 90, and XRCC1, which promote dysfunction of signalling cascades and ultimately lead to genetic instability. 18,24,33,39 Therefore, an approach based on nanotechnology was exploited in the present study to address the issue of cypermethrin (CM) pesticide-induced genotoxicity in a tilapia fish model, whereby the phytocompound PG was encapsulated in PLGA to check whether the formulated nano-pelargonidin (NPG) would play a beneficial role in inhibiting the progression and intense complications that may develop in fish when exposed to the toxic chemical pesticide CM.…”

Enhanced Drug Carriage Efficiency of Curcumin-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles in Combating Diabetic Nephropathy via Mitigation of Renal Apoptosis

“…Thus, molecular docking determines the active binding residues that bind with the ligand to generate the most computationally stable shape of the ligand-receptor complex to minimize the energy of interactions between the ligand and the receptor [ 12 ]. This aids in tracing the signaling cascades on which the drug operates to produce a biological response, which, if validated by experimental investigations, can help in understanding the targets of newly discovered drug molecules [ 13 , 14 ].…”