Poly(methyl methacrylate)-kaolinite nanocomposites prepared by interfacial polymerization with redox initiator system

Essawy, Hisham

doi:10.1007/s00396-007-1834-2

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We claim that this strategy did well and lies in conformity with our previous data using a redox initiator system comprising alkylamine as intercalating component into kaolinite, in combination with potassium persulphate [20] . To the best of our knowledge, nothing was mentioned about the preparation of a polymer nanocomposite of exfoliated type based on kaolinite, synthesized via intercalative polymerization using a redox initiation pair with one of its components being intercalated (immobilized) into kaolinite in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

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Exfoliation of Kaolinite Nanolayers in Poly(methylmethacrylate) Using Redox Initiator System Involving Intercalating Component

Essawy

Youssef

El‐Hakim

et al. 2009

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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Urea was intercalated into kaolinite (K) and the resulting modified clay (K-U) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The K-U was added to promote the formation of Poly(methylmethacrylate)/kaolinite nanocomposites via in-situ intercalative emulsion polymerization of methylmethacrylate (MMA) in the temperature range 50-70 C using a redox initiation system based on urea as intercalatable component while potassium persulphate (PPS) was dissolved in the aqueous medium. Additionally, potassium persulphate/sodium bisulfite (PPS/SBS) as a powerful redox initiation system was employed in absence of any kaolinite form for comparison. The polymerization rate was found to increases slowly with the temperature but still lower if compared to the polymerization in absence of kaolinite, whereas the activation energy (Ea) decreased from 15.6 to 9.55 Â 10 4 J=mol. On replacing the K with K-U, the rate of polymerization was faintly increased with the reaction temperature, also Ea was markedly influenced and reduced by factor of approximately 5 if a comparison was set relative to the polymerization in absence of kaolinite which highlights the role of urea as an effective intercalant that can constitute a redox initiation system in combination with PPS. The produced nanocomposites were of the exfoliated type as confirmed by XDR and Transmission electron microscope (TEM). In most cases, the nanocomposites exhibited improved thermal stability as compared with the pure PMMA at the temperature range 250-550 C, while the onset of degradation was not influenced as revealed by TGA. The DSC thermograms of PMMA=K-U nanocomposites did not show any transition and no clear T g was observed which contradicts with the pure PMMA which showed a small endothermic peak at 100 C related to the glass transition temperature, which implies the restricted molecular motion of PMMA chains in case of strong interaction forces between the dispersed silicate layers and the surrounding polymer phase where exfoliation exists.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Hence, urea as a hydrophilic reducing agent was initially intercalated into kaolinite in the first step instead of dodecylamine, which was used by Essawy [20] in combination with PPS to constitute a redox initiator during the polymerization of MMA. The intercalation of urea into kaolinite was confirmed by XRD (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exfoliation of Kaolinite Nanolayers in Poly(methylmethacrylate) Using Redox Initiator System Involving Intercalating Component

Essawy

Youssef

El‐Hakim

et al. 2009

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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“…The layered structure of clay minerals and their ability to swell in water allow monomers and polymer chains to diffuse into clay layers and act as cocrosslinker. The overall stability of composite materials directly depends on whether exfoliation or intercalation process takes place and on the choice of monomer or initiator that can be adsorbed to the clay surface [30][31][32][33] . The aim of this paper is to describe the influence of immobilized clay minerals (bentonite, kaolin and montmorillonite) as well as silica and titanium dioxides on swelling-deswelling, volume-phase, physical-chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of poly(acrylamide) hydrogel (PAAH).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Organic‐Inorganic Composite Materials Based on Poly(acrylamide) Hydrogels and Clay Minerals

Ibraeva

Zhumaly

Blagih

et al. 2015

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary: Organic-inorganic hybrid composite materials consisting of poly-(acrylamide) hydrogel (PAAH) and clay minerals such as bentonite, montmorillonite, and kaolin as well as silica and titanium dioxides were obtained by "in situ" synthetic protocol and characterized by swelling measurements, FTIR, SEM, XRD and DSC. Concentration of clay minerals embedded within PAAH is varied from 2.5 to 30 wt.%. The swelling degree of composite hydrogels K s and the constants k and n that characterize the mode of the penetrant (e.g. water) transport mechanism were determined. It was found that the swelling degree of PAAH/Clay minerals is in the range of 7-15 g/g and changes in the following order: PAAH/Bentonite>PAAH/ TiO 2 >PAAH/SiO 2 >PAAH/Kaolin% PAAH/Montmorillonite. The influence of pH, temperature, ionic strength, water-organic solvent mixture, as well as the content of clay minerals and crosslinking agent on swelling-deswelling behaviour of composite hydrogel materials was evaluated. For some PAAH/Clay minerals system the enthalpy of mixing DH m was calculated. The positive values of the DH m indicate that the swelling of composite hydrogel materials in water has the endothermic character. It was demonstrated that PAAH-clay mineral composites can potentially be used as "pigs" for the cleaning of the internal surface of main pipes from debris, sand and asphaltene-resin-wax deposits.

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“…Many polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites have been reported, including polypropylene [4], polystyrene [5,6], poly(methylmethacrylate) [7,8], polyimide [9] and epoxy resin [10]. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), as an important commercial polymer, has been studied and used widely for many years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Transparent PVC-Titanosilicate Nanocomposites by Interlamellar Silylation of Layered Titanosilicate

Park

Jung

2011

J Inorg Organomet Polym

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Poly(methyl methacrylate)-kaolinite nanocomposites prepared by interfacial polymerization with redox initiator system

Cited by 37 publications

References 26 publications

Exfoliation of Kaolinite Nanolayers in Poly(methylmethacrylate) Using Redox Initiator System Involving Intercalating Component

Exfoliation of Kaolinite Nanolayers in Poly(methylmethacrylate) Using Redox Initiator System Involving Intercalating Component

Preparation and Characterization of Organic‐Inorganic Composite Materials Based on Poly(acrylamide) Hydrogels and Clay Minerals

Preparation of Transparent PVC-Titanosilicate Nanocomposites by Interlamellar Silylation of Layered Titanosilicate

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