Poly-Victimization in a National Sample of Children and Youth

Weapon Involvement in the Victimization of Children

“…In Table 4, we report incident level characteristics for all youth (analyses were run separately for younger [ages 2-9] and older [ages [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] youth with similar findings-not shown in Table): Weapon-involved incidents were more likely to be part of an indirect only victimization or an incident that involved both direct and indirect forms of victimization (rather than direct only). Weaponinvolved victimizations were more likely to be perpetrated by a peer, and result in injury.…”

“…In our research, a key concept that has emerged is that of the "poly-victim," youth who suffer a disproportionate quantity of serious victimization and a much greater array and intensity of negative effects [11][12][13][14] with a linear relationship between the accumulation of victimization types and the level of adverse outcomes. 15 Victimization involving a weapon may make particularly salient or traumatizing contributions to the pattern; there is a need to better understand how weapon involvement may be linked to polyvictimization.…”

Children’s embodied experience of living with domestic violence: “I’d go into my panic, and shake, really bad”

“…Children who experience domestic violence are much talked about in academic literature, which generally documents the damaging impact of violence on them. They are described as being at increased risk of negative psychological, relational and educational outcomes (Bair-Merritt, Blackstone, & Feudtner, 2006;Baldry, 2003;Black, Sussman, & Unger, 2010;Bogat, DeJonghe, Levendosky, Davidson, & von Eye, 2006;Ehrensaft et al, 2003;Lepistö, Luukkaala, & Paavilainen, 2011;Meltzer, Doos, Vostanis, Ford, & Goodman, 2009;Siegel, 2013;Turner, Finkelhor, & Ormrod, 2010), and of direct violence, like child abuse, child homicide, and future involvement in violent relationships (Bourget, Grace, & Whitehurst, 2007;Devaney, 2008;Jouriles, McDonald, Slep, Heyman, & Garrido, 2008). This literature provides needed insight into the harm children experience when domestic violence occurs in their family.…”

Contemporary Trauma Theory and Trauma-Informed Care in Substance Use Disorders: A Conceptual Model for Integrating Coping and Resilience

“…Child maltreatment refers to dominant and/or persistent environmental stressors that hinder the development of personality and may lead to increased psychopathology (Handley, Rogosch, Guild, & Cicchetti, 2015;Oshri & Rogosch, 2013). Exposure to chronic victimization results in more global dysfunction, added distress, and vulnerability (Turner, Finkelhor, & Ormrod, 2010) and is linked to increased risk for substance abuse problems in adulthood (Driessen, et al, 2008;Elwyn & Smith, 2013). Felitti et al (1998) found that ACE account for one-half to two-thirds of increased problems with drug use among over 17,000 adult patients of the Kaiser Permanente Health System.…”