Poly(vinyl alcohol): Physical Approaches to Designing Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications

Nkhwa, Shathani; Lauriaga, Kristo Fernando; Kemal, Evren

doi:10.1155/2014/403472

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Gupta et al [43] found close values (40–42.5 °C) for PVA materials prepared by freeze-thawing with 8–14% of the polymer. Higher values (70.5–73.4 °C) were observed by Nkhwa et al [44] for FT gels obtained from solutions with 10%–30% PVA. For CD hydrogels prepared with the same PVA concentrations (10%–30%), they verified that T g decreased from 73.4 to 58 °C when the polymer concentration increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Tribomechanical Comparison between PVA Hydrogels Obtained Using Different Processing Conditions and Human Cartilage

et al. 2019

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Designing materials for cartilage replacement raises several challenges due to the complexity of the natural tissue and its unique tribomechanical properties. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels have been explored for such purpose since they are biocompatible, present high chemical stability, and their properties may be tailored through different strategies. In this work, the influence of preparation conditions of PVA hydrogels on its morphology, water absorption capacity, thermotropic behavior, mechanical properties, and tribological performance was evaluated and compared with those of human cartilage (HC). The hydrogels were obtained by cast-drying (CD) and freeze-thawing (FT), in various conditions. It was found that the method of preparation of the PVA hydrogels critically affects their microstructure and performance. CD gels presented a denser structure, absorbed less water, were stiffer, dissipated less energy, and withstood higher loads than FT gels. Moreover, they led to friction coefficients against stainless steel comparable with those of HC. Overall, CD hydrogels had a closer performance to natural HC, when compared to FT ones.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Tribomechanical Comparison between PVA Hydrogels Obtained Using Different Processing Conditions and Human Cartilage

et al. 2019

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“…The networks were further subjected to one cycle of freeze thawing with the formulations shown in Table 1. Cryogelation was selected to physically cross link PVA since it is an attractive method of production of micro or macro porous materials [12] without use of crosslinking agents, initiators, activators or solvents that in addition allows control on textural, structural and absorption characteristics. Furthermore, it enables to vary the extent of crosslinks by altering factors such as the concentration of the macromolecules in solution and number of freeze-thawing cycles, which also allows a handle on altering the physical properties as per requirements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aqueous solutions of PVA were prepared at concentrations of 10% (PVA10) and 20% (PVA20) by heating the granules at 121 °C until fully dissolved. Solutions were allowed to cool down and poured into moulds before subjecting to various cycles of freeze drying (1, 2 and 3) for 24 h and thawing, to obtain PVA10-1FT, PVA10-2FT and PVA10-3FT and PVA20-2FT [12].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual polymer networks: a new strategy in expanding the repertoire of hydrogels for biomedical applications

Nkhwa

Kemal

Gurav

et al. 2019

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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Inspired by the double network hydrogel systems we report the formulation of dual networks, which expands the repertoire of this class of materials for potential biomedical applications. The tough dual network hydrogels were designed through sequential interpenetrating polymer formation, applying green chemistry and low-cost methods, devoid of any initiator-activator complexes that may pose risks in biomedical applications. The dual networks were synthesized in two steps, firstly the water soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) was subjected to cryogelation that formed the first network, which was then expanded by intrusion of a dilute solution of sodium alginate and complexed with a solution of calcium chloride under ambient conditions and further freeze-thawed. These hydrogels are flexible, ductile and porous with the ability to absorb and retain fluids as well as possess the versatility to easily incorporate biological molecules/drugs/antibiotics to be applied in tissue matrices or drug delivery systems. The dual network hydrogels can be tailored to have varying mechanical properties, shapes, size, thickness and particularly can be made physically porous if required, to suit the users intended application.

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“…C-O stretching vibration combined with OH bending vibration shows a high-intensity peak at 1083 cm À1 . 29 The sharp peak at 840 cm À1 existing in the FTIR spectrum is ascribed to the between ZB Nps and polymeric PVA. All these results con¯rm the fact that PVA forms a compositē lm with the added FR additives.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Thermal and Fire Retardant Behavior of Polyvinyl Alcohol Matrix Using Nanocomposites

Jeyasubramanian¹,

Muthusankar²,

Selvakumar³

2019

Int. J. Nanosci.

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This report discusses in detail about the Fire retardant (FR) characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix fabricated by impregnating zinc borate nanoparticles (ZB Nps) as FR with trace amounts of copper chloride/aluminum chloride by solvent casting method. ZB Nps prepared by co-precipitation method are characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, etc. XRD pattern revealed the crystal geometry of ZB Nps and SEM and TEM micrographs depict a rod-like structure with 300–400[Formula: see text]nm size. Appropriate amount of ZB Nps and transition metal salts are mixed with PVA in aqueous medium and thin film samples are obtained by solvent casting method. The vibrational spectra, thermal stability and flammability of the polymeric composites are characterized using FTIR, TG/DTA and Flammability tester, respectively. FTIR spectra confirm the existence of ZB Nps in the prepared polymer composites. TG/DTA studies revealed higher degradation temperature and thermal stability of polymer composite over pure PVA. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) test presented a convincing account about the improved FR nature of obtained polymer nano composite with a significant LOI of 56% compared to virgin polymer which have LOI of 19.6%.

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Poly(vinyl alcohol): Physical Approaches to Designing Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Tribomechanical Comparison between PVA Hydrogels Obtained Using Different Processing Conditions and Human Cartilage

Tribomechanical Comparison between PVA Hydrogels Obtained Using Different Processing Conditions and Human Cartilage

Dual polymer networks: a new strategy in expanding the repertoire of hydrogels for biomedical applications

Improved Thermal and Fire Retardant Behavior of Polyvinyl Alcohol Matrix Using Nanocomposites

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