Poly (vinyl alcohol)/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber with Good Flame Retardant and Super-Smoke Suppression Properties

Chen, Xing; Zeng, Shilin; Qi, Shikai; Jiang, Mengjin; Xu, Long; Chen, Li; Zhang, Sheng; Li, Bang‐Jing

doi:10.3390/polym12051078

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…At the same time, P–O groups scavenge highly active H · and HO · radicals. The PA catalyzes GL and the primary composition of wood to dehydrate and carbonize, forming an intumescent char layer in the porous structure of the wood, which can act as a barrier to effectively limit heat transfer . Thus, by terminating activity in the gas phase and forming a carbonaceous layer, the combustion process can be interfered, and the underlying substrate is protected from further thermal decomposition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Behavior and Thermal Degradation Properties of Wood Impregnated with Intumescent Biomass Flame Retardants: Phytic Acid, Hydrolyzed Collagen, and Glycerol

Chen

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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Wood is a natural renewable material with a porous structure widely used in construction, furniture, and interior decoration, yet its intrinsic flammability poses safety risks. Therefore, environmentally friendly flame retardants have received increasing attention. In this study, a water-soluble flame retardant, consisting of bio-resourced phytic acid (PA), hydrolyzed collagen (HC), and glycerol (GL), was used to improve the flame retardancy of wood (“PHG/wood”) through full cell vacuum-pressure impregnation. Morphology and Fourier transform infrared analysis results show that the flame retardant impregnated the wood and adhered evenly to the wood vessels. A PA/HC/GL ratio of 3:1:1 (concentration of the flame retardant solution = 30%) maximized the limiting oxygen index (LOI, 41%) and weight gain (51.32%) for PHG-C30/wood. The flame retardant formed an expansive layer after heating, and the treated wood showed an improved combustion safety performance such that the fire performance index and residue of PHG-C30/wood were 75 and 126.8% higher compared with that of untreated wood, respectively. The peak and total heat release were also significantly reduced by 54.7 and 47.7%, respectively. The PHG/wood exhibited good carbon-forming performance and a high degree of graphitization after combustion. The dense carbon layer provides condensed phase protective action, and non-combustible volatile gases, such as H2O, CO2, and NH3, are released simultaneously to dilute the fuel load in the gas phase. Thus, PHG is shown to be an effective flame retardant for wood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Behavior and Thermal Degradation Properties of Wood Impregnated with Intumescent Biomass Flame Retardants: Phytic Acid, Hydrolyzed Collagen, and Glycerol

Chen

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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“…As shown in Figure S3 (Supporting Information), the decomposition of PVA occurred in three stages. [66][67][68][69] The first stage before 240 °C corresponds to the primary decomposition and release of water because PVA is a hydrophilic polymer. The second stage of decomposition occurred at 240-320 °C and was due to the decomposition of side chains, while the third stage was observed at 400-550 °C, which was caused by the decomposition of the main chain of PVA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge‐Like Microfiber Electrodes for High‐Performance Redox Flow Batteries

et al. 2022

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stack size. [11] Within the cells, the power density is an overall result of activation, ohmic, and concentration loss, which are affected by cell components with varying degrees. [12][13][14][15] Electrodes, performance-determining components in RFBs, and their geometric and surface properties significantly impact cell performance by influencing the electrolyte transport and the redox reaction. [16,17] Conventionally, woven or nonwoven carbon fibrous materials, such as carbon felts, papers, and cloths, have been employed as electrodes for RFBs, primarily due to their high electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength, and good (electro)chemical stability. [18][19][20] However, RFBs with pristine carbon electrodes always exhibit poor battery performance due to the intrinsic low electrochemical activity and specific surface area. [21] Therefore, catalyst deposition, [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] surface etching, [30][31][32][33] and heteroatom doping [34][35][36] are widely adopted to modify electrodes, among which constructing porous fiber electrode through various etching methods are considered one of the most efficient methods to increase the specific surface area while decoupling the influence on the transport properties. [37] For example, Liu and Zhang et al. etched the carbon paper electrodes with CO 2 and achieved an energy efficiency (EE) of nearly 80% at 140 mA cm −2 in a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). [30] Liu and Xi et al. constructed evenly distributed nanosized holes on fibers through FeOOH-derived Fe 3 O 4 etching and achieved an EE of 57.3% at 300 mA cm −2 . [31] Multiscale porous electrodes through ZnO etching were proposed by Wu and Zhou et al., [38] enabling an EE of 81.9% at the current density of 320 mA cm −2 . Wang et al. fabricated a gradient porous electrode with K 2 FeO 4 activation and demonstrated a 79.74% EE at 200 mA cm −2 . [39] Mukhopadhyay introduced electrochemical exfoliation to modify the electrodes, rendering the redox flow battery to achieve an 86.41% EE at 100 mA cm −2 . [40] However, the top-down modifications have lots of constraints. For example, pore engineering on carbon fibers always consumes additional energy in the post thermal or electrochemical treatment. More importantly, the electrode modification is based on the fixed geometric structure of commercial carbon material, making the transport property of electrodes hard to be tuned. Hence, switching from top-down electrode modification to bottom-up electrode fabrication is imperative to pursue more possibilities for high-performance electrodes.Fabricating fiber-based electrodes with a large specific surface area while maintaining high flow permeability is a challenging issue in developing high-performance redox flow batteries. Here, a sponge-like microfiber carbon electrode is reported with a specific surface area of as large as 853.6 m 2 g −1 while maintaining a fiber diameter in the range of 5-7 µm and a macropore size of ≈26.8 µm. The electrode is developed by electrospinning cross-linked poly(vinyl alco...

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“…Volume of sample withdrawn ( 1) T (7) where p(T − 1) is the release efficiency of BZ prior to T, and P T is the release of BZ at time T.…”

Section: Cumulative Release Of Bzmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has a symmetrical structure which can easily bind with the surface of materials. 7 PVA has many properties like good adhesion, water solubility, film ability, and emulsification which make it an ideal precursor for wastewater remediation. 33 The presence of -OH groups on PVA makes it compatible with cyclodextrin for proper preparation of a homogeneous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the use and mode of action, pesticides can be classified as fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, virucides, bactericides, etc . Bentazon (3-isopropyl-1 H -2,1,3-benzothiadiazine-4(3 H )-one-2,2-dioxide) is a post-emergent herbicide that is generally utilized to control weeds in rice, peanuts, corn, alfalfa, and other crops worldwide . Bentazon (BZ) is categorized as a Group E carcinogen by the Office of the Pesticides Programme 1986 based on carcinogen risk assessment .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective Adsorption–Desorption Kinetic Study and Statistical Modeling of Bentazon Herbicide Mediated by a Biodegradable β-Cyclodextrin Cross-Linked Poly(vinyl alcohol)–Chitosan Hydrogel

Sharma,

Laddha

et al. 2023

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Indiscriminate use of pesticides to meet the global demand for food has contaminated groundwater and surface water, affecting the global environment. In view of this, it is imperative to find an economical solution to this critical issue. Herein, a novel β-cyclodextrin cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol)−chitosan (PVA/CS/β-CD) hydrogel is reported for the adsorption of bentazon (BZ) herbicide. The properties of the PVA/CS/β-CD hydrogel, such as its surface morphology, surface area, thermal stability, and the presence of functional groups, have profound effects on the adsorption of BZ on its surface, and hence these have been investigated by FESEM, BET, TGA, and FT-IR analytical techniques. Several influential factors, viz., pH of the solution, temperature, initial concentration of BZ, contact time, and mass of the hydrogel, have been explored by the Box−Behnken design model and systematic batch studies. From the response surface methodology model, 13.45 mg of hydrogel was able to remove 93.71% of BZ from 10 mL of a 10 mg/L solution at pH 7.4 in 120 min, as assessed by systematic batch adsorption studies. The adsorption behavior of BZ on the PVA/CS/β-CD hydrogel was thermodynamically spontaneous and endothermic. The maximum adsorption capacity was 398.40 mg/g, which comes from the Langmuir isotherm and follows pseudo-second-order model. BZ-loaded PVA/CS/ β-CD hydrogel can be recycled using methanol and shows good removal efficiency (>70%) for six consecutive adsorption− desorption cycles. Additionally, the BZ-adsorbed PVA/CS/β-CD hydrogel can be employed as a sustained release vehicle for BZ having long-term weedicide effects at diverse pH values in water.

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Poly (vinyl alcohol)/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber with Good Flame Retardant and Super-Smoke Suppression Properties

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Combustion Behavior and Thermal Degradation Properties of Wood Impregnated with Intumescent Biomass Flame Retardants: Phytic Acid, Hydrolyzed Collagen, and Glycerol

Combustion Behavior and Thermal Degradation Properties of Wood Impregnated with Intumescent Biomass Flame Retardants: Phytic Acid, Hydrolyzed Collagen, and Glycerol

Sponge‐Like Microfiber Electrodes for High‐Performance Redox Flow Batteries

Effective Adsorption–Desorption Kinetic Study and Statistical Modeling of Bentazon Herbicide Mediated by a Biodegradable β-Cyclodextrin Cross-Linked Poly(vinyl alcohol)–Chitosan Hydrogel

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