Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene): A New Binder for Conventional and Printable Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

The growing interest in printable batteries leads to the necessity of developing new and more efficient materials that meet the required processability and performance characteristics. In this work, a poly­(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) (P­(VDF-TrFE-CFE)) terpolymer has been used for the first time as a polymer binder for lithium-ion battery cathodes and their electrochemical characteristics have been compared with cathodes prepared with the commonly used poly­(vinylidene fluoride), P­(VDF), polymer binder. The rheological analysis shows that the inks show suitable properties to be printed by direct ink writing (DIW). Printing parameters were optimized with respect to the printing cathode line distance, and it is shown that the printed cathodes allowed to achieve improved battery performance when compared with conventional doctor blade-prepared electrodes, with a maximum discharge capacity of 147 mAh·g–1 at a C/8 rate. Further, it is shown that the P­(VDF-TrFE-CFE) terpolymer as a new polymer binder leads to improved cathode performance (90 mAh·g–1 at a 1C rate) when compared with cathodes prepared with the commercial P­(VDF) binder (80 mAh·g–1 at the 1C rate) under the same preparation method. Thus, it is shown that P­(VDF-TrFE-CFE) represents a suitable binder for a new generation of high-performance batteries.

Smart and Multifunctional Materials Based on Electroactive Poly(vinylidene fluoride): Recent Advances and Opportunities in Sensors, Actuators, Energy, Environmental, and Biomedical Applications

“…98 Considering its properties, this ter-polymer has been also used as a polymer binder for electrodes in Li-ion batteries devices. 99 In the future, it is expected to find application in other high-tech areas.…”

“…439 Poly(VDF-ter-TrFE-ter-CFE) ter-polymer has been also used as a polymer binder for cathode printed electrodes by DIW, showing suitable rate battery performance, as shown in Figure 29e. 99 In fact, different PVDF copolymers have been also evaluated for Li-sulfur battery development (Figure 29f), 440 poly(VDF-co-TrFE) showing improved performance with respect to PVDF and poly(VDF-co-CTFE) due to the strong chemical interaction with polysulfides based on its high molecular polarity. 440 The influence of PVDF binders on the porosity of composite electrodes for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries was also addressed, the highest battery performance being observed for poly(VDF-co-HFP).…”

“…This terpolymer under 40 MV·m –1 shows an electromechanical coupling factor ( k 33 ) of 88% and a d 33 > 1000 pC·V –1 . Considering its properties, this ter -polymer has been also used as a polymer binder for electrodes in Li-ion batteries devices . In the future, it is expected to find application in other high-tech areas.…”

Last developments in polymers for wearable energy storage devices

“…They are composed by active materials, fillers (organic as graphene oxide [GO] or inorganic as ceramic materials), and sometimes a polymer matrix (poly vinylidene fluoride [PVDF] mostly). Joao et al 79 reported a terpolymer (which results from copolymeration of three monomers) called poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) suitable for LDM processing to be used as a polymer binder for LIB. The terpolymer possess the needed rheological properties to be printed by LDM and it showed enhanced dielectric constant and low electric loss compared to the PVDF (one of the most common polymer binders in the current commercial batteries).…”

Polyoxometalate-doped electrospun nanofiber mats as active catalysts for the production of clean fuels under solvent-free systems

“…37 Poly(vinylidene uoride) P(VDF) and its related copolymers with triuoroethylene P(VDF-TrFE) exhibit excellent chemical resistance, thermal stability, and high organic selectivity, as well as good mechanical and membrane-forming properties which allow applications like ultraltration, microltration and pervaporation membrane manufacturing processes. [38][39][40] P(VDF) hollow ber membranes were used for preparation of catalytic membranes by in situ reduction of nickel salt with sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) for hydrogen production. 41 Many studies have been focusing on introducing isodimensional nanostructured materials such as graphene oxide, TiO 2 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and ZnO into modied P(VDF) and P(VDF-TrFE) to produce membranes with enhanced anti-pollution, hydrophilic or piezoelectric properties.…”