Polyamine levels as related to growth, differentiation and senescence in protoplast-derived cultures of Vigna aconitifolia and Avena sativa

Sawhney, Ravindar Kaur; Shekhawat, N. S.; Galston, Arthur W.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-5171-6_11

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, high levels of polyamines are required during embryogenesis in carrot tissue cultures (7) and floral differentiation in tobacco cultures (13). Similarly, free and bound polyamine levels increased dramatically with differentiation in regenerated plants derived from mesophyll protoplast cultures of Vigna (12 (16). These compounds had no effects at 10'-M; leaf explants produced numerous buds like the control.…”

Section: On Hydroxycinnamoyl Putrescine Levelsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Effects of the Suicide Inhibitors of Arginine and Ornithine Decarboxylase Activities on Organogenesis, Growth, Free Polyamine and Hydroxycinnamoyl Putrescine Levels in Leaf Explants of Nicotiana Xanthi n.c. Cultivated in Vitro in a Medium Producing Callus Formation

Burtin¹,

Martin-Tanguy²,

Paynot³

et al. 1989

Plant Physiol.

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We studied the effects of DL-a-difluoromethylarginine (DFMA) and DL-a-difluoromethylomithine (DFMO), specific, irreversible inhibitors of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and omithine decarboxylase (ODC), respectively, on organogenesis growth and titers of free polyamines and conjugated putrescines (hydroxycinnamoyl putrescines) in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi n.c.)calli. These results suggest that ADC and ODC regulate putrescine biosynthesis during early and later stages of tobacco callus development, respectively. ADC appears active in biosynthesis of large levels of free amines (agmatine and putrescine) while ODC appears active only in biosynthesis of large levels of putrescine conjugates (hydroxycinnamoyl putrescines). DFMA inhibits the fresh and dry weight increases of tobacco calli, whereas DFMO even promoted the fresh and dry weight increases, thus supporting the view that ADC is important for cell division and callus induction. Inhibition of ODC activity by DFMO resulting in an amide deficiency after 4 weeks of culture facilates the expression of differentiated cell functions. Formation of buds is associated with a significant decrease of hydroxycinnamoyl putrescines.Polyamines and their biosynthetic enzymes may play an important role in many aspects of plant development including growth, differentiation, senescence, and response to stress (1, 10, 26). Increased polyamine synthesis appears necessary for cell proliferation to occur (3). Amides formed between hydroxycinnamic acid and amines are widely distributed in the plant kingdom (17, 18). Accumulation of hydroxycinnamic acid amides correlates with leaf emergence and flowering in several plants (5,17,19). Tobacco stem apices, callus tissues, and cell cultures often contain polyamines conjugated with cinnamic acids (4,5,11,20). Some functional roles of these compounds have been suggested. Caffeoyl putrescine and other amides such as caffeoyl spermidine have been found in large concentrations in reproductive organs oftobacco, and it has been proposed that their formation is functionally linked with reproduction (5). In addition, since tobacco plants infected with tobacco mosaic virus react by increasing levels of polyamine conjugates, and virus multiplication is retarded in their presence, a role for these compounds in virus resistance has been suggested (15, 19). Recent results indicate that hydroxycinnamoyl putrescines, when included in the medium, interfere in vitro with hormones in the control of cell multiplication and differentiation of tobacco leaf explants (16).For in vitro cultures, it appears that the intracellular levels of putrescine and hydroxycinnamoyl putrescines are markedly enhanced when the cultures are induced to proliferate (14). The differentiation of buds is always accompanied by significant changes in putrescine and hydroxycinnamoyl putrescine levels (14). Increasing levels were found during the first week in culture when cell multiplication is rapid. Then levels declined sharply after 3 weeks of culture as the rate of ...

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Section: On Hydroxycinnamoyl Putrescine Levelsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Elevated levels of polyamines have been associated with differentiation in some plant systems (7,12). Thus, high levels of polyamines are required during embryogenesis in carrot tissue cultures (7) and floral differentiation in tobacco cultures (13).…”

Section: On Hydroxycinnamoyl Putrescine Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Suicide Inhibitors of Arginine and Ornithine Decarboxylase Activities on Organogenesis, Growth, Free Polyamine and Hydroxycinnamoyl Putrescine Levels in Leaf Explants of Nicotiana Xanthi n.c. Cultivated in Vitro in a Medium Producing Callus Formation

Burtin¹,

Martin-Tanguy²,

Paynot³

et al. 1989

Plant Physiol.

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“…Recent evidence suggests a possible role for polyamines, especially Spd, in reproductive differentiation in various organisms (2,7,10,11,15 eluted with a protein fraction having a molecular mass in excess of 45,000 in oat and petunia protoplasts (14). Because there was a large difference in the relative molecular mass in the polypeptides from tobacco thin-layer culture and oat and petunia protoplasts, a need exists to establish unambiguously the size of proteins that are labeled by Spd, as was also suggested by Mizrahi et al (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent evidence suggests a possible role for polyamines, especially Spd, in reproductive differentiation in various organisms (2,7,10,11,15). Application of exogenous Spd causes floral initiation in cultures which would otherwise form vegetative buds.…”

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confidence: 99%

Translational Modification of an 18 Kilodalton Polypeptide by Spermidine in Rice Cell Suspension Cultures

Mehta¹,

Saftner²,

Schaeffer³

et al. 1991

Plant Physiol.

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When rice (Oryza sativa) cell suspension cultures are grown in the presence of [terminal methylenes-3H]spermidine, label is incorporated in a single polypeptide with a molecular mass of 18 kilodaltons on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Preincubation of cell cultures with polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors difluoromethylarginine and difluoromethylornithine, resulted in increased incorporation of the label into the 18 kilodalton polypeptide. In cells in which protein synthesis was arrested by cycloheximide, no label was detected in the 18 kilodalton polypeptide, suggesting a requirement for de novo protein synthesis.The diamine Put' and polyamines Spd and Spm are ubiquitous in living cells and appear to play an important role in plant grow-,h and development (6,8,21,22). Considerable evidence indicates that polyamines regulate such basic plant processes as cell division, morphogenesis, senescence, and responses to stress (6,8). One mechanism by which such regulation might be achieved involves polyamine binding to specific regulatory proteins. An enzyme that catalyzes covalent binding of polyamines to proteins, transglutaminase, has indeed been reported in plants (9).Recent evidence suggests a possible role for polyamines, especially Spd, in reproductive differentiation in various organisms (2,7,10,11,15 eluted with a protein fraction having a molecular mass in excess of 45,000 in oat and petunia protoplasts (14). Because there was a large difference in the relative molecular mass in the polypeptides from tobacco thin-layer culture and oat and petunia protoplasts, a need exists to establish unambiguously the size of proteins that are labeled by Spd, as was also suggested by Mizrahi et al. (14).Anther-derived rice cell suspension cultures (19) offer a good model system for important agricultural crops, particularly the cereals, for metabolic studies. Previously, Schaeffer and Sharpe (19) recovered rice mutants from tissue cultures with inhibitor selection techniques. From these tissue cultures, plants were regenerated which had higher lysine and protein levels than the corresponding controls (20). Using two ofthese rice cell lines (Calrose 76 and the lysine-rich 4C mutant), we identify an 18 kD polypeptide that is translationally modified by Spd and influenced by endogenous polyamine levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant

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“…The effect of polyamines on growth, differentiation and senescence of tissues cultured in vitro has already been described by Kaur Sawhney et al (1985), indicating a causal connection between polyamine titer and cellular activity and differentiation. The positive effect of putrescine on the SE process has been observed by Rajesh et al (2003) who obtained somatic embryogenesis in palm tree calli cultivated in modified MS medium containing 1 µM putrescine and 0.045 µM 2,4-D.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos and thin cell layers (TCLs) of Brazilian oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Elaeis oleifera)

Bonetti¹,

Nesi²,

Quisen³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Oil palm hybrid BRS Manicoré is important for plantations in the north of Brazil, as it is resistant to fatal yellowing and is compact. Seed germination is slow and reduced, so somatic embryogenesis is a promising alternative for its propagation. Two kinds of starting explants were used: Zygotic embryos (ZE) and thin cell layers (TCL) from the base of seedling aerial parts. Two culture medium formulae were compared (Y3 and modified MS), and several growth regulators (2,4-D, Picloram, BA, 2iP), putrescine and activated charcoal (AC) were used during the different stages. Somatic embryos (SE) were obtained from ZE-derived embryogenic masses cultured on Y3 medium with or without 2,4-D (9 µM) + 1000 µM putrescine and 40% were converted into seedlings in the Y3 medium supplemented with 2 g.L -¹ AC and without growth regulators, under light. SE developed in 49 to 53% TCL-derived calli and 50% of them were converted into seedlings in the same conditions described for ZE calli. The yield of both processes was compared, showing the superiority of TCL explants for SE production.

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Polyamine levels as related to growth, differentiation and senescence in protoplast-derived cultures of Vigna aconitifolia and Avena sativa

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of the Suicide Inhibitors of Arginine and Ornithine Decarboxylase Activities on Organogenesis, Growth, Free Polyamine and Hydroxycinnamoyl Putrescine Levels in Leaf Explants of Nicotiana Xanthi n.c. Cultivated in Vitro in a Medium Producing Callus Formation

Effects of the Suicide Inhibitors of Arginine and Ornithine Decarboxylase Activities on Organogenesis, Growth, Free Polyamine and Hydroxycinnamoyl Putrescine Levels in Leaf Explants of Nicotiana Xanthi n.c. Cultivated in Vitro in a Medium Producing Callus Formation

Translational Modification of an 18 Kilodalton Polypeptide by Spermidine in Rice Cell Suspension Cultures

Somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos and thin cell layers (TCLs) of Brazilian oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Elaeis oleifera)

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