Polyamines affect the cellular growth and structure of pro‐embryogenic masses in <i>Araucaria angustifolia</i> embryogenic cultures through the modulation of proton pump activities and endogenous levels of polyamines

Dutra, Nathalia Torres; Silveira, Vanildo; Azevedo, Inga Gonçalves de; Gomes-Neto, Lupis Ribeiro; Façanha, Arnoldo Rocha; Steiner, Neusa; Guerra, Miguel Pedro; Floh, Eny Iochevet Segal; Santa–Catarina, Claudete

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01695.x

Cited by 54 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Interestingly, spermidine synthesis is essential for embryo development in Arabidopsis [68]. In addition, a possible role of polyamines in promoting somatic plant embryogenesis was reported [69]–[71]. This indicates the importance of spermidine for plant reproduction and provides an interesting link between polyamines and somatic embryogenesis, a form of asexual reproduction different from gametophytic apomixis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Apomictic and Sexual Germline Development Differ with Respect to Cell Cycle, Transcriptional, Hormonal and Epigenetic Regulation

et al. 2014

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Seeds of flowering plants can be formed sexually or asexually through apomixis. Apomixis occurs in about 400 species and is of great interest for agriculture as it produces clonal offspring. It differs from sexual reproduction in three major aspects: (1) While the sexual megaspore mother cell (MMC) undergoes meiosis, the apomictic initial cell (AIC) omits or aborts meiosis (apomeiosis); (2) the unreduced egg cell of apomicts forms an embryo without fertilization (parthenogenesis); and (3) the formation of functional endosperm requires specific developmental adaptations. Currently, our knowledge about the gene regulatory programs underlying apomixis is scarce. We used the apomict Boechera gunnisoniana, a close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana, to investigate the transcriptional basis underlying apomeiosis and parthenogenesis. Here, we present the first comprehensive reference transcriptome for reproductive development in an apomict. To compare sexual and apomictic development at the cellular level, we used laser-assisted microdissection combined with microarray and RNA-Seq analyses. Conservation of enriched gene ontologies between the AIC and the MMC likely reflects functions of importance to germline initiation, illustrating the close developmental relationship of sexuality and apomixis. However, several regulatory pathways differ between sexual and apomictic germlines, including cell cycle control, hormonal pathways, epigenetic and transcriptional regulation. Enrichment of specific signal transduction pathways are a feature of the apomictic germline, as is spermidine metabolism, which is associated with somatic embryogenesis in various plants. Our study provides a comprehensive reference dataset for apomictic development and yields important new insights into the transcriptional basis underlying apomixis in relation to sexual reproduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Apomictic and Sexual Germline Development Differ with Respect to Cell Cycle, Transcriptional, Hormonal and Epigenetic Regulation

et al. 2014

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“…Spd and Spm accumulation induced by SAMDC over-expression has been shown to result in drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis (Wi et al 2014). Moreover, exogenous Spm reduced cellular growth and affected the physiology of Brazilian pine (Araucaria angustifolia) embryogenic cultures, which was associated with a maturation process via reduction in activities of proton pumps (Dutra et al 2013). Similarly, in the present study, Spm/Tspm accumulated in bottles, where cell proliferation was arrested due to osmotic stress, suggesting the possible role of Spm in inhibition of cell mass growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic stress affects polyamine homeostasis and phenolic content in proembryogenic liquid cell cultures of Scots pine

Muilu‐Mäkelä

Vuosku

Hamberg

et al. 2015

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous polycations involved in many physiological processes in plants, including somatic embryogenesis, cellular growth and stress reactions. In the present study, we focus on the consequences in PA metabolism caused by polyethylene glycol (PEG) in proembryogenic Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) liquid cultures. The growth and viability of the cell masses and changes in PA concentrations and phenolic secondary metabolites were investigated under control, 5 and 10 % PEG treatments. The effect of osmotic stress responses was investigated at the gene expression level including stress, cell division, programmed cell death and PA-related genes and PA metabolites. Moreover, the expression of ethylene and proline biosynthesis genes and phenylalanine ammonia lyase and stilbene synthase (psSTS) was analyzed. Under osmotic stress conditions, we found a consistent pattern of endogenous PAs in Scots pine proembryogenic cells. However, accumulation of free spermine (Spm) and methyl putrescine under osmotic stress might indicate their specific role in stress protection. Expression of polyamine oxidase was down-regulated under osmotic stress, suggesting the role of PA catabolism in regulation of Spm levels. Scots pine proliferating proembryogenic cells are in a developmentally undifferentiated stage where the content of secondary metabolites is generally low. However, in the present study the total content of phenolic compounds increased but the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and stilbenes, generally considered as stress-protective molecules, was not affected by osmotic stress.

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“…However, this result is in contrast with a report on Momordica dioica, wherein 1.0 µM putrescine was the best polyamine in increasing the fresh weight of the embryogenic callus (Thiruvengadam et al, 2013). According to Dutra et al (2013), the application of spermidine and spermine increased the changes of cellular structure in proembryogenic masses by producing more embryogenic and suspensor cells in Araucaria angustifolia. Exogenous spermidine and spermine also can increase the stress tolerance in Allium fistulosum toward waterlogging, by increasing the free proline accumulation, and help in maintaining high relative water content (Yiu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of benzyladenine purine and its interaction with polyamines on growth of Spathoglottis plicata PLBs

Yasin

Mahmood²,

Shaharuddin

2015

Turk J Bot

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Spathoglottis plicata is highly sought after by florists and orchid growers due to its unique structure and colors. However, this orchid is a slow-growing type and thus the planting materials are acutely limited. Therefore, there is a need to improve its multiplication efficiency and speed up its growth in order to meet the market demand. Benzyladenine purine (BAP) has been widely used to improve plantlet multiplication in plant cultures. Polyamines have also been reported to improve the growth and development of in vitro cultures. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of BAP and different polyamines on the physical and biochemical changes of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of S. plicata. Different concentrations of BAP and polyamines (putrescine, spermine, and spermidine) were used. BAP and polyamines were supplemented singly in half-strength MS medium and PLBs were cultured for 2 weeks. It was observed that 5 µM BAP and 25 µM spermidine resulted in the highest fresh weights of 0.38 g and 0.31 g, respectively. The total soluble protein and carbohydrate content for PLBs treated with 25 µM spermidine was 4.85 mg/g FW and 6.36 mg/g FW. A separate experiment was carried out to investigate the interactive effects of 25 µM spermidine with 5 µM BAP. The presence of spermidine in the media reduced the peroxidase and catalase activities by increasing the nitrate reductase activity.

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Polyamines affect the cellular growth and structure of pro‐embryogenic masses in Araucaria angustifolia embryogenic cultures through the modulation of proton pump activities and endogenous levels of polyamines

Cited by 54 publications

References 56 publications

Apomictic and Sexual Germline Development Differ with Respect to Cell Cycle, Transcriptional, Hormonal and Epigenetic Regulation

Apomictic and Sexual Germline Development Differ with Respect to Cell Cycle, Transcriptional, Hormonal and Epigenetic Regulation

Osmotic stress affects polyamine homeostasis and phenolic content in proembryogenic liquid cell cultures of Scots pine

Effects of benzyladenine purine and its interaction with polyamines on growth of Spathoglottis plicata PLBs

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