Polyamines Are Increased in Obese Children and Are Related to Markers of Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress and Angiogenesis

Codoñer‐Franch, Pilar; Tavárez-Alonso, Sandra; Murria-Estal, R.; Herrera-Martín, Guadalupe; Alonso‐Iglesias, Eulalia

doi:10.1210/jc.2011-0531

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A recent study reported increased levels of polyamines in childhood obesity and their correlation with biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and leptin [34]. The study supported the role of polyamines on growth and development on adipose tissue.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Genetic Variant of AMD1 Is Associated with Obesity in Urban Indian Children

et al. 2012

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BackgroundHyperhomocysteinemia is regarded as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity. Manifestation of these chronic metabolic disorders starts in early life marked by increase in body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that perturbations in homocysteine metabolism in early life could be a link between childhood obesity and adult metabolic disorders. Thus here we investigated association of common variants from homocysteine metabolism pathway genes with obesity in 3,168 urban Indian children.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe genotyped 90 common variants from 18 genes in 1,325 children comprising of 862 normal-weight (NW) and 463 over-weight/obese (OW/OB) children in stage 1. The top signal obtained was replicated in an independent sample set of 1843 children (1,399 NW and 444 OW/OB) in stage 2. Stage 1 association analysis revealed association between seven variants and childhood obesity at P<0.05, but association of only rs2796749 in AMD1 [OR = 1.41, P = 1.5×10-4] remained significant after multiple testing correction. Association of rs2796749 with childhood obesity was validated in stage 2 [OR = 1.28, P = 4.2×10-3] and meta-analysis [OR = 1.35, P = 1.9×10-6]. AMD1 variant rs2796749 was also associated with quantitative measures of adiposity and plasma leptin levels that was also replicated and corroborated in combined analysis.Conclusions/SignificanceOur study provides first evidence for the association of AMD1 variant with obesity and plasma leptin levels in children. Further studies to confirm this association, its functional significance and mechanism of action need to be undertaken.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Genetic Variant of AMD1 Is Associated with Obesity in Urban Indian Children

et al. 2012

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“…Therefore, the significantly lower putrescine and spermidine levels in the milk of the obese mothers may probably also be influenced by hormonal factors. Such an influence might be considered to explain why the breast milk in the present study showed low polyamine levels but serum of obese children showed increased levels of polyamines (Codoner‐Franch et al ., ). Unfortunately, we do not have serum levels of polyamines in the mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Spermine is dependent on other polyamines and can be synthesised from putrescine and spermidine (Peulen & Dandrifosse, ), which might indicate that a metabolic difference would be more visible for that polyamine. The absence of difference between our groups regarding spermine in breast milk might be a protective measure during the perinatal period because spermine levels were related to oxidative stress (Codoner‐Franch et al ., ). Further studies are warranted to determine whether such a mechanism would be relevant to explain the difference between the serum of obese children and the breast milk of obese mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The higher risk of morbidity and mortality among children of obese mothers is associated with genetic, post-natal and intrauterine factors. Human and animal studies have indicated that human milk composition is changed in obesity, and obese children have been found to have increased concentrations of polyamines in serum (Codoner-Franch et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower polyamine levels in breast milk of obese mothers compared to mothers with normal body weight

Ali

Strandvik

Palme-Kilander

et al. 2013

J Human Nutrition Diet

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Background Obesity is associated with risks for mother and infant, and the mothers' dietary habits influence breast milk composition. Polyamines are secreted in breast milk and are essential for the regulation of intestinal and immune function in newborns and infants. The present study aimed to investigate the level of polyamines in human milk obtained from obese and normal weight mothers at different times of lactation. Methods Breast milk from 50 mothers was obtained at day 3, and at 1 and 2 months after delivery. The mothers had normal body weight [body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg m–2] or were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2). A subgroup of obese mothers participated in a weight reduction programme during pregnancy. Polyamines were analysed using high‐performance liquid chromatography. Results The total polyamine content was significantly lower at all times in breast milk from obese mothers compared to milk from controls. Spermine levels did not differ between groups at any time in contrast to the levels of putrescine and spermidine. Putrescine concentrations were highest on day 3 and spermidine and spermine were highest at 1 month of lactation. The obese mothers, who received dietary advice during pregnancy based on the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations, had higher concentrations of putrescine and spermidine in their milk than the obese mothers without any intervention. Conclusions Polyamine concentrations were lower in breast milk from obese mothers compared to mothers with a normal weight. General dietary intervention in obese mothers increased the polyamine levels, suggesting that the low levels in obesity were at least partly associated with food habits. However, the consistency of spermine suggests a special metabolic function of this polyamine.

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“…Codoner‐Franch et al . (28,122) reported increased serum and blood metabolites of NO and L‐arginine, respectively, associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in pre‐pubertal obese children, with higher values found in children with the greater metabolic risk. The authors suggested that compensatory mechanism may play a role before puberty, since Gruber et al .…”

Section: Markers Of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Associated Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress in obese children and adolescents: markers and effect of lifestyle intervention

Walther²,

et al. 2011

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With an increasing prevalence, pediatric obesity is often a prelude to adulthood obesity, and represents a major public health issue. Comorbidities are very common and severe in obese adults, justifying the search for earlier markers or risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in obese children. Endothelial dysfunction has been found to be present in the early stages of atherosclerosis, and can be non-invasively assessed with widely accepted and well-standardized techniques at the macrocirculation level. Endothelial dysfunction at the microcirculation level is less documented in obese children. Obesity in children has been repeatedly and independently correlated to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and oxidative stress markers, although the relationship between these factors remains to be investigated. However, this would not only allow substantial improvements in risk stratification, but also provide essential data regarding the evolution of endothelial dysfunction in childhood obesity, especially during puberty when pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative changes, with relative insulin resistance, occur. Therapeutic strategies such as lifestyle interventions in early childhood obesity appear all the more necessary, optimally including both exercise and diet because of their known effects on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, potentially reversing endothelial dysfunction.

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Polyamines Are Increased in Obese Children and Are Related to Markers of Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress and Angiogenesis

Abstract: Polyamine levels are increased in childhood obesity and correlated to markers of oxidative/nitrosative stress and angiogenesis. This finding implicates polyamine metabolism in the complications of obesity. Their potential utility as a clinical tool remains to be elucidated.

Cited by 37 publications

References 18 publications

Genetic Variant of AMD1 Is Associated with Obesity in Urban Indian Children

Genetic Variant of AMD1 Is Associated with Obesity in Urban Indian Children

Lower polyamine levels in breast milk of obese mothers compared to mothers with normal body weight

Endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress in obese children and adolescents: markers and effect of lifestyle intervention

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