Polyamines, Gelling Agents in Tissue Culture, Micropropagation of Medicinal Plants and Bioreactors

Abstract

Currently, tissue cultures of species of agricultural importance have wide applicability in industrial production processes. Tissue culture is a name given to a set of techniques that allow the regeneration of cells, tissues and organs of plants, from segments of plant organs or tissues, using nutrient solutions in aseptic and controlled environment. This regeneration is based on the totipotency of plant cells. Totipotency is a capability indicating that plant cells, in different times, may express the potential to form a new multicellular individual. Tissue culture appears to be a good alternative to conventional propagation, requiring less physical space, with high multiplication rate, without incidence of pests and diseases during cultivation, and enabling higher control of the variables involved. Thus, in the in vitro environment, with the required stimuli and appropriate conditions, different cell types express different behaviors, possibly leading to cell multiplication and differentiation into a specific tissue, characterized by a form and a function, which may lead to the regeneration of a new individual

GreenTray® TIS bioreactor as an effective in vitro culture system for the micropropagation of Prunus spp. rootstocks and analysis of the plant-PGPMs interactions

“…In vitro micropropagation has become a worldwide implemented technique in the plant clonal production as it allows obtaining a large quantity of free-disease plant material all-year round (Dobránszki and Teixeira da Silva, 2010). Conventional micropropagation methods involving the use of small flasks with semi-solid media represents the most used procedure (Pereira-Lima et al, 2012).…”

“…In TIS bioreactors, the soaking process of in vitro explants with the culture medium only occurs during shorts periods of time, sufficient for plants to uptake nutrients and plant growth regulators (Georgiev et al, 2014). In addition, the forced aeration within the explants vessel provided the explants with an environment with a high gas exchange, resulting in a better shoot or plantlet growth and development (Pereira-Lima et al, 2012). In the last years, TIS bioreactors have been successfully implemented for the micropropagation of several plant species including pistachio (Akdemir et al, 2014), cherry (Godoy et al, 2017), plum (Damiano et al, 2005) or apple (Sota et al, 2021).…”

Principales reguladores hormonales y sus interacciones en el crecimiento vegetal

“…Pueden encontrarse a nivel vegetal mayormente en órganos jóvenes de hojas, flores y frutos y en menor concentración de raíces, hojas viejas y hojas maduras. Por su parte, el JA tiene una de sus principales funciones en la regulación de la síntesis de proteínas, y por lo tanto, se puede decir que es capaz de regular y controlar la formación de la pared celular (39).…”