Polyaniline/Nickle oxide hole transport layers to increase stability and efficiency of regular perovskite solar cells

Abstract

While hybrid perovskite solar cells (HPSCs) currently reach an efficiency as high as 25.8% and are comparable with commercial silicon solar cells, they still suffer from low stability against external environmental conditions. The best way to protect the perovskite active layer from degradation caused by humidity is the development of dopant-free or inorganic hole transport layers (HTLs). In the current study, we developed a novel and low-cost HTL based on the doping of polyaniline (PANI) with nickel oxide (NiOx) nanoparticles with hydrophobic property. For this aim, PANI solutions in chloroform were mixed with different amounts of NiOx material in a range of 0%-10% in volume ratio and spin-coated over the pre-formed perovskite layer. It was found that introducing 7.5% of NiOx material into the PANI stock solution improved the HTL role of the PANI layer and led to a champion efficiency of 14.27% for related PSC devices, 13.2% higher than the pure PANI-based PSCs, and 54.9% higher than HTL-free PSCs. Results showed that NiOx material facilitates hole extraction to the top electrode and reduces the electron-hole recombination rate in PSC devices. Besides, the higher stability of PSCs that was achieved with developed HTL compared with HTL-free devices.

An In‐Depth Investigation of the Combined Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Properties of Lead‐Free Cs2AgBiBr6 Double Perovskite Solar Cells Using DFT and SCAPS‐1D Frameworks

“…There were 4 ETLs and 10 HTLs which made a total of 40 combinations studied in this paper to find out the best structure for each ETL. Tables 1 and 2 show the input parameters for FTO, Cs 2 AgBiBr 6, ETLs, and HTLs, and Acceptor density, N A (1 cm −3 ) 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 19 Total density (cm −3 ) 1 0 15 Table 3. Input parameters of interface defect layers.…”

“…[10,11,[13][14][15][16] In general, leadbased PSCs yield better efficiency. [17][18][19][20] Lead-based cells, however, have several problems, like performance declines when exposed to moisture and light, and a major problem is lead toxicity which is thought to be a significant barrier to the commercialization of such cells. [21][22][23] Other additives with the same group of lead (Pb) were thoroughly explored in order to address the existing deficit brought on by the presence of Pb in PSCs (BMC) aids in working the device properly.…”

“…A (1 cm −3 ) 1× 1019 2.0 × 10 14 1 × 10 18 1.3 × 10 14 1 × 10 16 5.7 × 10 15 1 × 1016 1 × 10 11 1.0 × 1.0 × 1019 Total density (cm −3 ) 1 × 1014 1 × 10 15 1 × 10 15 1 × 10 15 1 × 10 15 1 × 10 14 1 × 10 15 1 × 10 14 1 × 10 14 1 × 10 14…”

Perovskite-CIGS Monolithic Tandem Solar Cells with 29.7% Efficiency: A Numerical Study

“…Therefore, researchers started exploring non-Si-based thin-film PV cells owing to their potential in the PV market. Low-cost, high-efficiency, simple fabrication techniques, and device architecture are the primary requirements for large-scale PV applications. − However, inevitable charge carrier thermalization and nonabsorption photon losses are the main problems in single-junction devices. Therefore, to diminish these issues, tandem solar cells (TSCs) are employed in the PV industry to increase the efficiency by reducing the abovementioned losses, proving to be a promising approach. ,− In the TSC architecture, two or more solar cells are stacked one over the other to ensure efficient spectrum utilization to minimize thermalization and nonabsorbed photon losses simultaneously.…”