Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water environment: A review on toxicity, microbial biodegradation, systematic biological advancements, and environmental fate

Vijayanand, Madhumitha; Ramakrishnan, Abirami; Subramanian, Ramakrishnan; Issac, Praveen Kumar; Nasr, Mahmoud; Khoo, KuanShiong; Rajagopal, Rajinikanth; Greff, Bbett; Azelee, Nur Izyan Wan; Jeon, Byong‐Hun; Chang, Soon Woong; Ravindran, Balasubramani

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.115716

Cited by 81 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…111,112 However, some of these compounds have toxic and carcinogenic effects, 113 are prone to bioaccumulation, and cause teratogenic effects and genetic mutations. 114 In the environment, aromatic hydrocarbons are often found in wastewaters and soil due to their amphoteric properties, 115 and some ( e.g. , PAHs) are not completely removed by water treatment plants and modern filtration systems.…”

Section: Degradation Of Pollutants By Molecular Inspired Electrocatal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular inspired electrocatalyst materials for environmental remediation

Calvillo Solis,

Castillo,

Yin

et al. 2023

Inorg. Chem. Front.

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Section: Degradation Of Pollutants By Molecular Inspired Electrocatal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular inspired electrocatalyst materials for environmental remediation

Calvillo Solis,

Castillo,

Yin

et al. 2023

Inorg. Chem. Front.

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“…The aquatic environment is increasingly at risk due to ongoing increases in PAHs pollution. PAHs, produced as byproducts of fossil fuel combustion, are notorious for their toxic and persistent nature in the environment . Aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, and amphibians, face particular vulnerability to PAHs as they absorb these compounds from water and sediment, where they accumulate over time .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PAHs, produced as byproducts of fossil fuel combustion, are notorious for their toxic and persistent nature in the environment. 8 Aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, and amphibians, face particular vulnerability to PAHs as they absorb these compounds from water and sediment, where they accumulate over time. 9 Research has shown that PAHs pollution has dramatic effects on aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Naphthalene (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) on Anabas testudineus (Bloch) through Dose-Specific Bioenzymological Analysis

Dey

2024

ACS Omega

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This study addresses the increasing concern about naphthalene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), highlighting its growing threats to the environment and aquatic life. The research examines its impact on Anabas testudineus (Bloch) through a detailed dose-specific bioenzymological analysis. Experimental fish groups were exposed to T1 (0.71 mg/L) and T2 (1.42 mg/L) naphthalene concentrations, representing 25 and 50% of the LC 50 value, respectively, over a 1−21 day period. Following the experiment, water samples underwent physicochemical analysis, while fish tissues were examined for diverse bioenzymological parameters. Among these parameters, aspirate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) serve as crucial indicators for monitoring the physiological status of fish and addressing pollution induced by PAHs, especially naphthalene. Statistical significance was observed in morphopathological changes and erythrocyte alterations, particularly the presence of tear-drop appearance (Tr) positively interacting with swelled cells (Sc), vacuolated cells (Va), and sickle cells (Sk) (P < 0.05). These findings highlight tear-drop appearance (Tr) as a significant biomarker in response to naphthalene exposure. The observed changes in A. testudineus tissue bioenzymology, apoptosis, and erythrocytic alterations were exposure and dose-dependent. The research highlights the significance of overseeing and controlling PAH concentrations in aquatic ecosystems to ensure the well-being of A. testudineus (Bloch).

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“…Inorganic and organic contaminants often occur at low, but potentially biologically relevant concentrations, and as complex mixtures that may increase the risk to aquatic organisms through interactive or cumulative effects (Barber et al, 2022; Bradley et al, 2017; Kortenkamp, 2007; Relyea, 2009; Schäfer et al, 2016). Laboratory and mesocosm experiments and field investigations are rapidly increasing our knowledge of the effects of individual contaminants and biologically relevant chemical mixtures on aquatic animals (see Fleeger et al, 2003; Miller et al, 2020; Roznere et al, 2023; Vijayanand et al, 2023). These studies are critical for understanding organismal response mechanisms, informing risk assessments, and developing biomarkers for monitoring wild populations (Fitzgerald et al, 2021; Jeffries et al, 2021; Miracle & Ankley, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Wastewater Reuse on Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) Relative Abundance in the Shenandoah River Watershed, USA

Wagner,

McLaughlin,

Faunce

et al. 2024

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Municipal and industrial wastewater effluent is an important source of water for lotic systems, especially during periods of low flow. The accumulated wastewater effluent flows—expressed as a percentage of total streamflow (ACCWW%)—contain chemical mixtures that pose a risk to aquatic life; fish may be particularly vulnerable when chronically exposed. Although there has been considerable focus on individual‐level effects of exposure to chemical mixtures found in wastewater effluent, scaling up to population‐level effects remains a challenging component needed to better understand the potential consequences of exposure in wild populations. This may be particularly important under a changing climate in which wastewater reuse could be essential to maintain river flows. We evaluated the effects of chronic exposure to wastewater effluent, as measured by ACCWW%, on the relative abundance of young‐of‐year (YOY), juvenile, and adult smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) populations in the Shenandoah River Watershed (USA). We found that increases in ACCWW% in the previous year and during the prespawn period were negatively correlated with the relative abundance of YOY, resulting in an average 41% predicted decrease in abundance (range = 0.5%–94% predicted decrease in abundance). This lagged effect suggests that adult fish reproductive performance may be compromised by chemical exposure during periods of high ACCWW%. No relationships between ACCWW% and juvenile or adult relative abundance were found, suggesting that negative effects of ACCWW% on YOY abundance may be offset due to compensatory mechanisms following higher ACCWW% exposure. Understanding the effects of wastewater effluent exposure at multiple levels of biological organization will help in the development of management strategies aimed at protecting aquatic life. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1–11. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.

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Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water environment: A review on toxicity, microbial biodegradation, systematic biological advancements, and environmental fate

Cited by 81 publications

References 150 publications

Molecular inspired electrocatalyst materials for environmental remediation

Molecular inspired electrocatalyst materials for environmental remediation

Exploring the Impact of Naphthalene (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) on Anabas testudineus (Bloch) through Dose-Specific Bioenzymological Analysis

The Effects of Wastewater Reuse on Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) Relative Abundance in the Shenandoah River Watershed, USA

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