“…They are cheap, commercially available, scalable, possess defect-free nature, and have promising separation performance. Polymers such as PES [ 29 , 158 , 171 , 172 , 183 , 398 , 399 , 400 , 401 , 402 , 403 , 404 , 405 , 406 ], PSF [ 28 , 30 , 36 , 407 , 408 , 409 , 410 , 411 , 412 , 413 , 414 , 415 , 416 , 417 , 418 , 419 ], polyimide [ 110 , 420 , 421 , 422 , 423 , 424 , 425 , 426 , 427 ], PAN [ 34 , 70 , 162 , 170 , 428 , 429 , 430 , 431 ], and PBI [ 180 , 432 , 433 ] are the common polymers used to fabricate hollow fiber membranes in vari...…”