Polybrominated Biphenyls and Diphenylethers

Boer, Jacob de; Boer, Karin de; Boon, Jan P.

doi:10.1007/3-540-48915-0_4

Cited by 103 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…From its visual spectrum the star has been classified as F0-2 iiie (Irvine 1975;Brand et al 1983;Reipurth 1983), in particular because of the presence of the G-band. On the other hand, several features in the visual spectrum resemble those of the Herbig B9e star HD 250550 (Reipurth 1983) and the SW-part of the UV spectrum is very similar to that of an A0 ie type star (Tjin A Djie et al 1984), which is consistent with the flux distribution in the UV as observed by ANS (de Boer 1977). In agreement with this the SED from UV to NIR could be matched by the flux distribution of a strongly reddened A0 iii star with an anomalous circumstellar extinction law (Tjin A Djie et al 1984).…”

Section: C26 Nx Pup -Cd-44supporting

confidence: 73%

Modeling of PMS Ae/Fe stars using UV spectra

Blondel

Djie²

2006

A&A

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Context. Spectral classification of PMS Ae/Fe stars, based on visual observations, may lead to ambiguous conclusions. Aims. We aim to reduce these ambiguities by using UV spectra for the classification of these stars, because the rise of the continuum in the UV is highly sensitive to the stellar spectral type of A/F-type stars. Methods. We analyse the low-resolution UV spectra in terms of a 3-component model, that consists of spectra of a central star, of an optically-thick accretion disc, and of a boundary-layer between the disc and star. The disc-component was calculated as a juxtaposition of Planck spectra, while the 2 other components were simulated by the low-resolution UV spectra of well-classified standard stars (taken from the IUE spectral atlases). The hot boundary-layer shows strong similarities to the spectra of late-B type supergiants (see Appendix A). Results. We modeled the low-resolution UV spectra of 37 PMS Ae/Fe stars. Each spectral match provides 8 model parameters: spectral type and luminosity-class of photosphere and boundary-layer, temperature and width of the boundary-layer, disc-inclination and circumstellar extinction. From the results of these analyses, combined with available theoretical PMS evolutionary tracks, we could estimate their masses and ages and derive their mass-accretion rates. For a number of analysed PMS stars we calculated the corresponding SEDs and compared these with the observed SEDs. Conclusions. All stars (except β Pic) show indications of accretion, that affect the resulting spectral type of the stellar photosphere. Formerly this led to ambiguities in classificaton of PMS stars as the boundary-layer was not taken into consideration. We give evidence for an increase of the mass-accretion rate with stellar mass and for a decreases of this rate with stellar age.

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Section: C26 Nx Pup -Cd-44supporting

confidence: 73%

Modeling of PMS Ae/Fe stars using UV spectra

Blondel

Djie²

2006

A&A

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“…PBBs and HBB are two types of historically used HFRs. Decabromobiphenyl and possibly some other PBB mixtures are still produced commercially (de Boer et al, 2000), and HBB is being reintroduced into the market (Salamova and Hites, 2011). Compared to the other OHPs, the much lower concentrations of PBT and PBEB indicate that the e-wastes contained very small PBT and PBEB when compared other chemicals.…”

Section: Levels and Sources Of Ohps In The Particulatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organohalogen pollutants in surface particulates from workshop floors of four major e-waste recycling sites in China and implications for emission lists

Zeng

Tang

Luo

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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“…The PBDE commercial mixtures contain fewer congeners than the corresponding PCB mixtures. PBDEs are used as flame retardants in textiles, furniture, and plastics (de Boer et al, 2000;Birnbaum and Staskal, 2004). The use of the penta-and octa-BDE technical mixtures is currently banned in Europe (EU-directive 2002/95/EC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-species differences for polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine top predators from the Southern North Sea: Part 1. Accumulation patterns in harbour seals and harbour porpoises

Weijs

Dirtu

Das

et al. 2009

Environmental Pollution

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Harbour porpoises and harbour seals present differences in the accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tHarbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) and harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) are two representative top predator species of the North Sea ecosystem. The median values of sum of 21 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and sum of 10 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners were 23.1 mg/g lipid weight (lw) and 0.33 mg/g lw in blubber of harbour seals (n ¼ 28) and 12.4 mg/g lw and 0.76 mg/g lw in blubber of harbour porpoises (n ¼ 35), respectively. For both species, the highest PCB concentrations were observed in adult males indicating bioaccumulation. On the contrary, the highest PBDE concentrations were measured in juveniles, likely due to better-developed metabolic capacities with age in adults. A higher contribution of lower chlorinated and non-persistent congeners, such as CB 52, CB 95, CB 101, and CB 149, together with higher contributions of other PBDE congeners than BDE 47, indicated that harbour porpoises are unable to metabolize these compounds. Harbour seals showed a higher ability to metabolize PCBs and PBDEs.

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Polybrominated Biphenyls and Diphenylethers

Cited by 103 publications

References 48 publications

Modeling of PMS Ae/Fe stars using UV spectra

Modeling of PMS Ae/Fe stars using UV spectra

Organohalogen pollutants in surface particulates from workshop floors of four major e-waste recycling sites in China and implications for emission lists

Inter-species differences for polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine top predators from the Southern North Sea: Part 1. Accumulation patterns in harbour seals and harbour porpoises

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