Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water, suspended particulate matter, and sediment of reservoirs and their tributaries in Shenzhen, a mega city in South China

Abstract

Twelve polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in water, suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediment samples during dry season (DS) and wet season (WS), to explain the spatiotemporal distribution, congener pro les, sources and risks of the pollutants in four reservoirs (A-D) and their tributaries of a large city in South China. The concentration of ∑ 12 PBDEs ranged from 0.46 to 2.27 ng/L (average: 1.41 ng/L) in water during WS, and from 0.70 to 13.04 ng/L (3.77 ng/L) during DS.Meanwhile, the content of ∑ 12 PBDEs ranged from 9.71 to 364.14 ng/g dry weight (the same below) (170.23 ng/g) in SPM during WS, and from 53.48 to 1043.69 ng/g (313.37 ng/g) during DS. The content of ∑ 11 PBDEs (excluding BDE-209) ranged from 24.70 to 222.75 ng/g (85.86 ng/g), while that of BDE-209 ranged from 4.74 to 31053.11 ng/g (6307.93 ng/g) in sediment during WS. ∑ 12 PBDEs during DS were signi cantly higher than WS. Source apportionment suggested that commercial penta-, octa-and deca-BDEs were major compositions of PBDEs, resulting mainly from atmospheric deposition, wastewater discharge and external water diversion project. Among the related enterprises, attentions should be paid to electronic equipment manufacturing factories in this study area. The risk assessment indicated low ecological and insigni cant human health risks posed by PBDEs in water, but the risk of PBDEs (especially BDE-209) in sediment and SPM was of particular concern. The present study would provide important data and support for the control of PBDEs in natural drinking water sources.

Persistent Halogenated Organic Pollutants in Deep-Water-Deposited Particulates from South China Sea

“…; Table S17: POP levels in water reservoirs of South China; Figure S1: (a) The anchorage-type sediment trap (b) The two-series anchorage-type sediment trap; Figure S2: The analytical procedure of POPs in the present study; Figure S3: Sample C is collection of deposited particulate between 2 January 2014 and 11 February 2014. Little mass is obtained at the depth of 2000 m during this duration, possibly due to internal wave condition [ 71 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 ].…”