Polycaprolactone Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane with Sustained Chlorohexidine Release Capability against Oral Pathogens

Abstract

Multiple-pathogen periodontal disease necessitates a local release and concentration of antibacterial medication to control inflammation in a particular location of the mouth cavity. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively load and deliver medicine/antibiotics to treat numerous complex bacterial infections. This study developed chlorhexidine (CHX)/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membranes with controlled release properties as periodontal dressings to prevent or treat oral disorders. Electrostatic spinning was adopted to endow the nanofiber membranes with a high porosity, hydrophilicity, and CHX loading capability. The release of CHX occurred in a concentration-dependent manner. The CHX/PCL nanofiber membranes exhibited good biocompatibility with human periodontal ligament stem cells, with cell viability over 85% in each group via CCK-8 assay and LIVE/DEAD staining; moreover, the good attachment of the membrane was illustrated by scanning electron microscopy imaging. Through the agar diffusion assay, the nanofiber membranes with only 0.075 wt% CHX exhibited high antibacterial activity against three typical oral infection-causing bacteria: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Prevotella intermedia. The results indicated that the CHX/PCL nanofiber holds great potential as a periodontal dressing for the prevention and treatment periodontal disorders associated with bacteria.

Next‐generation antibacterial nanopolymers for treating oral chronic inflammatory diseases of bacterial origin

“…The release kinetics are usually evaluated in in vitro studies by detecting the biomaterial in the supernatant by UV–vis spectrophotometry (Chen et al., 2022; Ekambaram et al., 2021; Feng et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2014, Lee et al., 2016; Ma et al., 2022; Monteiro et al., 2017; Reise et al., 2023; Tan et al., 2023; Tirgar et al., 2022) and high‐ or ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (Bottino et al., 2017; Ho et al., 2022; Ribeiro et al., 2020; Shahi et al., 2017; Yao et al., 2014), after its immersion during hours or days in PBS or distilled water. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (Lee, Heo, et al, 2016) and fluorescence (Zupančič, Sinha‐Ray, et al., 2016) are also techniques used to determine the concentration of the released substances.…”

“…Hydrophobic drugs can also be used, but they tend to move towards the interface, thus remaining in an adsorbed state (Malikmammadov et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2009). The manufacturing process of nanofibres is usually by electrospinning, what creates ultrafine fibres (ranging from 3 nm to 10 μm) when applying an electrostatic field (Bottino et al, 2014(Bottino et al, , 2017Budai-Szűcs et al, 2021;Chen et al, 2022;Deepak et al, 2018;Ekambaram et al, 2021;Lee et al, 2014, Lee, Heo, et al 2016Monteiro et al, 2017;Reise et al, 2023;Ribeiro et al, 2020;Shahi et al, 2017;Tsai et al, 2018;Zupančič, Sinha-Ray, et al, 2016). These fibres exhibit a high porosity and a high surface area-to-volume ratio, what makes them particularly useful as drug carriers (Toledano et al, 2020).…”

Multi-variate multi-objective optimization of production conditions for electro-spun skin scaffold using RSM and investigation of gamma irradiation effects on the properties of the optimized sample

“…The FTIR spectrum before irradiation shows a peak at 1720 cm −1 due to the carbonyl ester group, which corresponds to the –CO group in PCL. The peak at 2854 cm −1 corresponds to stretching vibration of C–H bound related to aliphatic carbons [ 13 , 34 ]. Apart from these characteristic peaks, additional peaks were observed in the range of 3529 and 3441 cm −1 in the gamma-irradiated scaffold related to the tensile vibrations.…”

Mucoadhesive Pharmacology: Latest Clinical Technology in Antiseptic Gels

“…Other researchers, such as ZJ. Chen et al [25], designed a polycaprolactone electrospun nanofiber membrane with sustained chlorhexidine with the aim of achieving sustained drug release. Tarawneh et al (2021) [26] designed hydrogel films based on sodium carboxymethylcellulose for the administration of CHX in the dentinal tubules with the aim of treating periodontal disease and observed a slow release, indicating the system as a promising option.…”