Polychaete annelids as live bait in Portugal: Harvesting activity in brackish water systems

Cabral, Sara; Alves, Ana Sofia; Castro, Nuno; Chainho, Paula; Sá, Erica; Fonseca, Luı́s Cancela da; Costa, Pedro Fidalgo e; Castro, João J.; Canning‐Clode, João; Pombo, Ana; Costa, José Lino

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104890

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The polychaete annelids are one of the most widely harvested invertebrates community in coastal areas and estuaries worldwide due to their economic interest as live fishing bait or as broodstock maturation diet in aquaculture activities (Mosbahi et al, 2016;Watson et al, 2017a;Cole et al, 2018;Pombo et al, 2018;Sara Cabral et al, 2019). A recent global review of polychaetes reported 60 species that are being used to cater for the needs of the recreational fishing and aquaculture industry (Cole et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent global review of polychaetes reported 60 species that are being used to cater for the needs of the recreational fishing and aquaculture industry (Cole et al, 2018). Globally, the practice of collection of polychaete is known as 'bait harvesting' (Sara Cabral et al, 2019) and the resources are threatened by local population loss due to overharvesting, as well as by habitat degradation by bait digger activities (Watson et al, 2017b). Further, the extent of the wild harvest of polychaete worms is not well documented in many countries, including India, mainly because of its localised and artisanal nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An account of the wild collection of polychaete (Annelida) from the intertidal zones of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Pawar¹,

Rane²,

Bhendekar³

et al. 2022

J. Mar. Biol. Ass. India

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The study was planned to examine polychaete fishing activity along the coast of Mumbai city. Random sampling was performed for a period of six months and conducted interviews with bait diggers, traders and local fishers (n=30). Polychaete annelids were found to be the most extensively harvested taxa in the intertidal areas due to market demand from the aquaculture industry. The collected polychaetes were identified as Marphysa spp. During the survey, each pair (two partners) on a typical day is reported to collect around 1-2 kilogram of live worms, which earns them `1000 per kg. It is recorded that the average collection of worms from various locations in intertidal areas of Mumbai city is around 150-200 kg/day. Last decade, the annual consumption of polychaetes by shrimp hatcheries ranged from 16 to 20 tonnes. Shrimp farming in India is intensified and currently, there are 315 hatcheries registered with the Government of India for seed production of Litopenaeus vannamei. The demand for polychaete worms has therefore increased many folds and could be estimated in the range of 252 to 337 tonnes annually and nowadays, this demand is being met by an unreported wild-caught polychaete resource as well as import of Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) polychaete from overseas suppliers. There is scope for polychaete culture to satisfy the country's growing market demand. Moreover, polychaete fishing in coastal areas removes substantial biomass and hence can cause major impacts on coastal habitats. There is a need for regulation of its mass collection from the wild.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An account of the wild collection of polychaete (Annelida) from the intertidal zones of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Pawar¹,

Rane²,

Bhendekar³

et al. 2022

J. Mar. Biol. Ass. India

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“…Therefore, in addition to the impacts of traditional bait harvesting (Carvalho et al 2013), new mechanized methods of collection are being developed to increase efficiency, productivity and revenue (Beukema 1995, Birchenough 2013. The traditional bait digging exploitation continues to occur, presenting an ill-defined boundary between anglers collecting strictly for their own use and those collecting for profit, who represent a form of parallel economy in conflict with a controlled, sustainable use (Olive 1993, Cabral et al 2019, Pombo et al 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific density effect on growth of Marphysa “sp.” Juveniles

Garcês

Pousão-Ferreira

2021

scimar

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There is growing demand for the territorial tube-building genus Marphysa (Eunicidae: Polychaete), commonly known in Portugal as “goose”, for use as fishing bait, and it is being harvested all around the world for that purpose. Effects of intraspecific density on juvenile growth were studied over a four-month period in laboratory facilities. Three polychaete densities (low, 50 worms; medium, 150 worms; and high, 250 worms) were used in a 0.25 m2 aquarium containing sandy sediment and recirculating water. Total length, dry weight and number of segments were recorded for 60% of the initial population. All polychaetes were also counted to determine mortality rate and territorial behaviour through the existence of body lesions and broken and regenerating posterior segments. The results obtained in this study showed that density had a significant effect (p<0.001) on growth rates in any of the densities studied and that growth was significantly higher at lower densities (p<0.001). For all density levels, estimated daily growth was higher in the first month, decreasing progressively over time. The high aggressiveness and territorial behaviour of Marphysa “sp.” juveniles, well evidenced by the highest mortality (35%) under high density and by the presence of worms with lesions under low density (30%) observed in the first month, suggests that territoriality is probably the main factor involved in the organization and spatial arrangements of individuals within a population. Marphysa juveniles probably compete for burrow space. The results reveal that Marphysa juveniles have a very territorial and aggressive behaviour that should be considered if the species is used for aquaculture production. Additional studies are required to determine the density effects for different developmental stages.

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“…Marphysa sp. is the main target species among bait diggers in Portugal (Cabral et al., 2019). However, polychaetes from the wild pose ecological and animal health concerns such as the depletion of natural resources (Cabral et al., 2019; Pires, Gentil, Quintino, & Rodriguez, 2012; Watson et al., 2017) and risk of transboundary disease transmissions when used as feed to cultured organisms (Verreth et al., 2013; Vijayan et al., 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is the main target species among bait diggers in Portugal (Cabral et al., 2019). However, polychaetes from the wild pose ecological and animal health concerns such as the depletion of natural resources (Cabral et al., 2019; Pires, Gentil, Quintino, & Rodriguez, 2012; Watson et al., 2017) and risk of transboundary disease transmissions when used as feed to cultured organisms (Verreth et al., 2013; Vijayan et al., 2005). Furthermore, due to the high market demand of polychaetes in the European market, importation of polychaetes from East Asia has increased the risk of introducing non‐native species (Fidalgo e Costa et al., 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival, growth and biomass of mud polychaete Marphysa iloiloensis (Annelida: Eunicidae) under different culture techniques

Mandario

2020

Aquac Res

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Polychaetes are commercially exploited as fishing bait and supplemental diet to crustacean and finfish broodstock. However, scarcity of supply and biosecurity issues limits its use. Polychaete aquaculture has become the best alternative to wild resources. In this study, two different culture techniques (1-sediment tank throughout the culture period and 2-nursery tank with bioflocs for 30 days; thereafter, juveniles were transferred to sediment tank until harvest) using two diets [bioflocs (BF) and feed mill sweepings (FS)] were tested to determine the survival, growth and biomass of polychaete Marphysa iloiloensis (Glasby et al., Zootaxa, 2019, 4674) in the grow-out.The 180-day trial was conducted in 16 tanks (0.20 m 2 ) stocked with 5,066 ± 575 M. iloiloensis trochophore larvae/tank which were assigned randomly into four culture treatments with four replicates each. The treatments were labelled as: (a) BFS -fed BF in sediment tank for 180 days; (b) BF + BFS -fed BF in nursery tank for 30 days, juveniles were transferred in sediment tank and fed BF for another 150 days; (c) FSS -fed FS in sediment tank for 180 days; and (d) BF + FSS -fed BF in nursery tank for 30 days, juveniles are transferred in sediment tank and fed FS for another 150 days. Results showed that polychaetes in BF + FSS had significantly higher survival than BFS. Polychaetes in both BF + FSS and FSS had significantly higher body weight than BF + BFS and BFS, while biomass in BF + FSS (175.73 ± 42.25 g/tank) was significantly higher compared to other treatments (p < .05). Polychaetes fed with FS had 61%-64% protein and 12%-13% fat, while those fed with BF exclusively had 66%-70% protein and 3.50%-4.50% fat. The findings indicate that FS whether or not BF is included in the diet can improve both survival and growth of polychaetes but significantly higher biomass can be achieved with the combination of BF and FS.Additionally, polychaetes in BF + FSS contained 64% protein and 13% fat. Therefore, BF can be used as an alternative diet to FS in the early life stages of M. iloiloensis and nursery rearing using BF is imperative to increase its biomass in the grow-out production. K E Y W O R D Sbiofloc, marine annelid, Marphysa iloiloensis, mudworm, polychaete culture

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Polychaete annelids as live bait in Portugal: Harvesting activity in brackish water systems

Cited by 14 publications

References 55 publications

An account of the wild collection of polychaete (Annelida) from the intertidal zones of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

An account of the wild collection of polychaete (Annelida) from the intertidal zones of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Intraspecific density effect on growth of Marphysa “sp.” Juveniles

Survival, growth and biomass of mud polychaete Marphysa iloiloensis (Annelida: Eunicidae) under different culture techniques

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