Polychaetes as Ecosystem Engineers: Agents of Sustainable Technologies

Fadhullah, Widad; Syakir, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31840-0_8

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Polychaetes usually dominate the bottom community in open water, thus making them important for bioturbation. This organism can break down, deposit, and incorporate organic matter to recycle nutrients in their substrata [ 43 , 44 ]; ruling out pollutants such as microplastics during this process is inevitable. Previously, polychaetes have been used as a bioindicator for environmental pollution, especially for heavy metals and other toxic substances [ 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Monitoring and Analytical Characterization of Microplastics in Polychaete Worms

et al. 2022

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Microplastics (the term for plastics at sizes of <5 mm) might be introduced into the environment from domestic or agricultural activities or from the breakdown of plastic pieces, particles, and debris that are bigger in size. Their presence in the aquatic environment has caused accumulation problems, as microplastics do not easily break down and can be digested by some aquatic organisms. This study was conducted to screen and monitor the level of microplastic pollution in polychaete worms using pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The study was conducted in Setiu Wetlands, Malaysia from November 2015 to January 2017 at five-month intervals and covered all monsoon changes. Results from physical and visual analyses indicated that a total number of 371.4 ± 20.2 items/g microplastics were retrieved from polychaete for all seasons, in which, the majority comprised transparent microplastics (49.87%), followed by brown with 138.3 ± 13.6 items/g (37.24%), 21.7 ± 1.9 items/g for blue (5.84%), and 12.9 ± 1.1 items/g for black (3.47%), while the remaining were green and grey-red colors. Statistical analysis using Kruskal–Wallis showed insignificant differences (p > 0.05) between the sampling station and period for the presence of a microplastics amount. Most of the microplastics were found in fiber form (81.5%), whereas the remaining comprised fragment (18.31%) and film (0.19%) forms. Further analysis with Py-GC/MS under a selective ion monitoring mode indicated that pyrolytic products and fragment ions for a variety of polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, and polymethylmethacrylate, were detected. This study provides an insightful application of Py-GC/MS techniques for microplastics monitoring, especially when dealing with analytical amounts of samples.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Monitoring and Analytical Characterization of Microplastics in Polychaete Worms

et al. 2022

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“…These polychaetes are readily found in greater abundance in sediment with smaller size particle (Otegui et al, 2016). Guan et al (2014) on nutrients, ultimately enable them to grow indiscriminately without problem, regardless the condition of the sediment, unpolluted or otherwise (Fadhullah & Syakir, 2016). Conversely, Surface deposit feeder (SDFr) modality encompassed all phyla in this study, but majority of these taxa associated with this trait were not entirely exclusive (fuzzy coding 3), but rather preferable (fuzzy coding 2) with only Thyodinium sea cucumber qualified as exclusive to this modality (González-Wangüemert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Assessment Of Taxa and Their Respective Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Roles of Benthic Community in Seafloor Northwards of Pulau Indah, Klang, Malaysia

Kasihmuddin¹,

Cob²

2021

JST

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Trait assessment is an alternative but effective method of biomonitoring benthic community in ecosystem, but it was rarely done in Malaysia. An assessment was done to identify the dominant sub-traits, or modalities, within benthic community in seafloor northwards of Pulau Indah, Klang, Malaysia, and to establish possible correlation between modalities with environmental parameters measured in the area. Sampling was conducted in November 2018, during Northwest Monsoon season. Sediments were obtained by using a Ponar Grab and filtered through 500 μm sieve. Sediments were subjected into Loss of Ignition method to extract organic carbon, and filtration method to determine particle size distribution percentages. 37 taxa were recorded in this study, totalling to 848 individuals. Traits assessment indicated vermiform body shape, direct larval development, deposit feeder, non-motile, asexual reproduction, and second-order opportunistic group as most dominant modalities in the study area. Station 1 recorded highest macrobenthos density (21000 ind./m2), while station 5 recorded highest diversity (H’=2.19). Functional diversity (FD) for reproduction method was highest in station 1 (FD=0.61), ecological group in station 4 (FD=0.73); body shape (FD=0.56) and larval development (FD=0.63) in station 5, and lastly, adult mobility (FD=0.70) and feeding mode (FD=0.66) in station 6. Principal component analysis showed Station 1 has most modalities attributed towards it. Pearson correlation analysis suggested particle size distribution as major connector for most modalities (P=0.05). As BTA study is still new in Malaysian waters, it could serve as a good starting point for future assessment related to ecological functioning of benthic community in Malaysian seafloor.

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“…Polychaetes display a diverse range of life histories and feeding guilds (Fauchald & Jumars, 1979;Jumars et al, 2015) allowing them to occupy almost all trophic levels and, coupled with their distribution and abundance, they generally provide a whole suite of ecological functions and ecosystem services where they occur in their native ranges (Cyrino et al, 2018). As such, they are often regarded as ecosystem engineers (Fadhullah & Syakir, 2016), altering their surrounding environments through their ability to act as bioturbators, sediment stabilizers or refuge/substrate providers. Furthermore, some polychaetes are of practical use to humans as bioindicators of a range of pollutants (Mauri et al, 2003;Giangrande et al, 2005;Catalano et al, 2012;Maranho et al, 2014;Pires et al, 2016) as well as ecosystem health (Cardoso et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of alien polychaete species in marine ecosystems: a systematic review

2022

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This systematic review analysed scientific publications to identify relevant research about the impact of alien polychaete species around the world, using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis) guide. The criterion for inclusion was studies published in English, with the key terms (e.g. ‘impact’, ‘alien species’, ‘polychaetes’) in the title, abstract and keywords. The literature search was conducted in Scopus and Web of Science from April to December 2020. The search resulted in 150 papers that included information about impact of alien polychaete species. Of these studies, 98% were published in the last 25 years, reporting on the impact of 40 species in 18 regions of the world. Sixty-one per cent of the research was conducted in the Baltic Sea, South-west Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. The most frequent type of study was field surveys (46%) and the most studied system was open coast areas (36%). The species with the highest number of publications about their impacts were Ficopomatus enigmaticus, Marenzelleria viridis, Sabella spallanzanii and Boccardia proboscidea. Based on evidence of their most severe documented impacts in their introduced ranges, the impact mechanisms (IMos) of the alien polychaete species were strongly related to their biology and lifestyles. We found that species that build conspicuous reefs and tube-dwellers mainly showed physical and structural impact on ecosystems; shell-borers, mainly parasitism and infauna species, showed mainly chemical, physical and structural impacts on ecosystems. Some recommendations for the study of alien polychaete species are discussed.

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Polychaetes as Ecosystem Engineers: Agents of Sustainable Technologies

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Utilizing Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Monitoring and Analytical Characterization of Microplastics in Polychaete Worms

Utilizing Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Monitoring and Analytical Characterization of Microplastics in Polychaete Worms

Ecological Roles of Benthic Community in Seafloor Northwards of Pulau Indah, Klang, Malaysia

Impacts of alien polychaete species in marine ecosystems: a systematic review

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