Polychlorinated Biphenyls Contamination of Sludge in India

Abstract

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) exist in all compartments of the ecosystem due to wide industrial applications and production during burning processes. The PCBs congeners were quantified in the industrial, municipal and agricultural wastes of the most industrialized area of the country, Raipur city, India. The concentration of ΣPCBs in the sludge, sewage and agriculture wastes (n = 4) was ranged from 497 -800 µg/kg with mean value of 634 ± 146 µg/kg. The PCBs congeners detected in the waste materials were ranged from 56 -85 with mean value of 75 ± 13. The highest number of congeners was quantified in the sludge materials due to the existence of the heavy PCBs. The PCBs congeners were found to decrease vertically due to the adsorption by the geo-media. The distribution, sources and toxicities of PCBs congeners in the waste materials are discussed.

Metagenomic analysis for taxonomic and functional potential of Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) degrading bacterial communities in steel industrial soil

“…However, the data of source of PCBs has been scarce in industrial regions. The present results corroborate with previous studies conducted on the Bhilai steel plant (Raipur, Chhattisgarh) soil, reporting the presence of PCBs ranging from di-chlorinated to hexachlorinated biphenyl in the sludge [28]. From the data of organic contaminants, it appears that the high carbon content in MGB-2 and MGB-3 mentioned in the previous section could be co-related with the abundance of PAH and PCB in the soil sample.…”

Metagenomic Analysis for Taxonomic and Functional Potential of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Degrading Bacterial Communities in Steel Industrial Soil

“…However, the data of source of PCBs has been scarce in industrial regions. The present results are in accordance with previous studies conducted by Patel et al 2015 on Bhilai steel plant (Raipur, Chhattisgarh) soil, reporting the presence of PCBs ranging from of dichlorinated to hexachlorinated biphenyl in the sludge. From the data of organic contaminants, it appears that the high carbon content in MGB-2 and MGB-3 mentioned in the previous section could be co-related with the abundance of PAH and PCB in the soil sample.…”

Distribution and Sources of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Air, Dust, and Sediment from India

“…For comparison purposes, the PCBs concentration in six ponds in Bhilai and Korba varied from 201 to 648 ng • g −1 and from 404 to 773 ng g −1 , with average values of 480 ± 150 and 561 ± 155 ng g −1 , respectively (Patel et al 2013). The concentrations of aforementioned congeners in these two cities (in which huge quantities of coal are burnt for steel and electricity production) were even higher than those found in Raipur.…”

“…In the particular case of India, the Stockholm Convention was ratified in 2002 and entered into force in 2006. Preliminary investigations on PCBs contamination in sediments and sludge from the Raipur area has been previously reported (Patel et al 2013(Patel et al , 2015. Findings of the highest concentrations of the monochlorobiphenyl (MCBP) congeners were reported to date.…”