Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Glycaemia and Diabetes in a Population Living in a Highly Polychlorinated Biphenyls-Polluted Area in Northern Italy: A Cross-Sectional and Cohort Study

Zani, Claudia; Donato, Francesco; Magoni, Michele; Feretti, Donatella; Covolo, Loredana; Vassallo, Francesco; Speziani, Fabrizio; Scarcella, Carmelo; Bergonzi, Roberto; Apostoli, Pietro

doi:10.4081/jphr.2013.e2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…While we did not previously detect an association of PCBs with incident diabetes, the current analysis revealed increased diabetes risk with PCB exposure. The association of PCBs with incident diabetes is consistent with some (Lee et al 2010;Lee et al 2011;Vasiliu et al 2006;Wu et al 2013), but not all prospective investigations on this topic (Rignell-Hydbom et al 2009;Zani et al 2013). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Persistent organic pollutants and biomarkers of diabetes risk in a cohort of Great Lakes sport caught fish consumers

Turyk

Fantuzzi

Persky

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

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Background Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is associated with increased diabetes risk, although the mechanism of action is not well delineated. Methods We investigated established diabetes biomarkers that could implicate potential mechanistic pathways, including C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation; gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), a liver enzyme associated with oxidative stress; and adiponectin, an adipokine modulating glucose regulation and fatty acid oxidation. These biomarkers as well as hemoglobin A1c (HA1c), and POPs [polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p,p-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)] were measured in a cohort of Great Lakes sport caught fish (GLSCF) consumers. We examined associations of POPs and fish consumption with HA1c and incident diabetes, and evaluated mediation and moderation by diabetes biomarkers. Results Odds of incident diabetes were elevated with exposure to DDE and PCBs. DDE and PCB 118 were positively, and fish meals were inversely, associated with HA1c. CRP was inversely associated with saltwater and total fish meals, particularly in persons with higher adiposity, but did not mediate the associations of fish meals with HA1c. There were few associations of adiponectin, CRP and GGT with POPs, with the exception of positive associations of GGT with PCB 118 and with PBDEs in older persons, and a positive association of adiponectin with PBDEs. Adiponectin, CRP and GGT did not mediate associations of DDE and PCBs with HA1c or incident diabetes. However, the association of DDE with HA1c was stronger in persons with higher CRP, GGT and BMI, and lower adiponectin, while the association of PCB 118 with HA1c was stronger in persons with higher GGT. Conclusions These findings suggest that adiponectin, CRP and GGT did not mediate effects of POPs on diabetes or HA1c. However, POPs may have stronger effects on blood glucose in persons at higher risk for diabetes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Persistent organic pollutants and biomarkers of diabetes risk in a cohort of Great Lakes sport caught fish consumers

Turyk

Fantuzzi

Persky

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

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“…In our study, we found no association between total PCB serum levels, PCB 153 and PCB functional groups and diabetes, hypertension and thyroid diseases when also performing stratified analyses according to gender, age, and BMI. Overall, these findings are in agreement with those from our 2003 cross-sectional survey (Donato et al, 2006, 2008; Zani et al., 2013). In our population, however, medium- and high-chlorinated PCBs contributed most to the total PCBs, whereas dioxin-like PCBs and low chlorinated PCBs, which were the only PCB congeners associated with diabetes and hypertension in some studies, contributed less than 5% to the sum of total PCBs, in agreement with the pattern of PCB congeners assayed in most studies carried out in Western countries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Polychlorinated biphenyl serum levels, thyroid hormones and endocrine and metabolic diseases in people living in a highly polluted area in North Italy: A population-based study

Zani

Magoni²,

Speziani³

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants produced until the 1980s, which they are still present worldwide. They have been associated with metabolic and endocrine diseases and hypertension in humans, but definite evidence is lacking. A chemical factory producing PCBs caused a heavy pollution in an urban area in Northern Italy. We aimed to evaluate present PCBs serum levels according to demographic and lifestyle variables and their associations with endocrine and metabolic diseases and hypertension in the resident general population. A random sample of 816 adults aged 20–79 years (mean ± SD: 49.1 ± 16.5 years) was enrolled in a cross-sectional population-based study. The participants provided a fasting blood sample for laboratory analysis and were face-to-face interviewed about the presence of chronic diseases. The serum level of total PCBs was computed as the sum of 33 PCB congeners. The median serum level of lipid-adjusted total PCBs was 435.2 and 95 th centile was 2154.9 ng/g lipid. Medium and high chlorinated PCBs with immunotoxic and endocrine disrupting activity contributed most to total PCB serum levels, particularly PCBs 138, 153, 170, 180 and 194. The serum levels of total PCBs and of PCB functional groups were positively associated with age and negatively with female gender, education, smoking habit and BMI, and not associated with serum levels of thyroid hormones and TSH and glycaemia and with presence of endocrine diseases, diabetes and hypertension by multivariable analysis. Subgroup analyses according to gender, age and BMI provided similar results. In conclusion, this study shows a long-term persistence of past exposure to PCBs and does not support the hypothesis of an association between PCB exposure and prevalence of endocrine and metabolic diseases and hypertension.

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Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a Lebanese population: ENASB study

Harmouche-Karaki

Matta

Helou

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that are still routinely detected 30 years after their restriction in many countries. PCBs have been associated with several non-communicable diseases. They are best measured via human biomonitoring (HBM). The concentrations of six indicator PCBs (PCBs 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) were measured in the serum samples of 316 Lebanese students and employees from Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon, using gas chromatography coupled to an iron trap mass spectrometer detector. PCBs were detected in 56.3 to 59.2% of the serum samples. The sum of PCB (∑PCBs) levels ranged from

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Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Glycaemia and Diabetes in a Population Living in a Highly Polychlorinated Biphenyls-Polluted Area in Northern Italy: A Cross-Sectional and Cohort Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Persistent organic pollutants and biomarkers of diabetes risk in a cohort of Great Lakes sport caught fish consumers

Persistent organic pollutants and biomarkers of diabetes risk in a cohort of Great Lakes sport caught fish consumers

Polychlorinated biphenyl serum levels, thyroid hormones and endocrine and metabolic diseases in people living in a highly polluted area in North Italy: A population-based study

Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a Lebanese population: ENASB study

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