Polychlorinated Biphenyls. II. Synthesis of Some Tetra- and Pentachlorobiphenyls.

Sundström, Gerdt; Ekström, Bertil; Sjöberg, Berndt; Husebye, Steinar; Klæboe, P.; Swahn, Carl‐Gunnar

doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.27-0600

Cited by 83 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The cohort study was approved by the ethical review committee for the Faroe Islands, and written informed consent was obtained from all parents. (36,37) or purchased from Larodan Fine Chemicals AB, Malmö, Sweden. The hydroxylated PCB reference standards: 4-OH-CB107, 3'-OH-CB138, 4-OH-CB146, 3-OH-CB153, 4-OH-CB187 and 4-OH-CB193 were synthesized as described by Bergman and co-workers (38) and abbreviated according to Letcher et al (18).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine insecticide concentrations in a Faroese birth cohort

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to assess blood concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and their polychlorobiphenylol (OH-PCB) metabolites in humans with a high seafood intake. Samples were obtained from pregnant women in the Faroe Islands in 1994-1995 and from their children at 7 years of age to examine maternal transfer of the compounds to their child, age-dependent metabolism, and temporal changes. Maternal serum was dominated by 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), while 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-153) prevailed in the children's serum seven years later. DecaBDE was present in both mothers and children up to 3 and 6 ng/g lipid weight, respectively. The ΣPCB concentration in the children averaged about 60% of the concentrations in their mothers, with median levels for both above 1 µg/g lipid weight and with similar PCB congener patterns. ΣOH-PCB serum concentrations from the mothers and their children showed ranges of 1.8-36 ng/g wet weight (w.w.) and 0.49-22 ng/g w.w., respectively, with all OH-PCB congener concentrations being lower in the children, except for 2,3,3',4',5-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (4-OH-CB107). Children at 7 years of age are exposed to PCBs at levels only slightly below those of their mothers, and the increased 4-OH-CB-107 concentrations in children could be due to age-related differences in PCB metabolism. The PBDE concentrations were similar in both mothers and their children. The main persistent organic pollutant concentrations in the children are most probably due to other environmental exposure than maternal transfer.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine insecticide concentrations in a Faroese birth cohort

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…iPLA 2 cDNA was cloned into pFastBac1 (Bac-to-Bac, GibcoLife Technologies)and the enzyme was expressed in Sf9 insect cells using baculoviruses. Individual PCB congeners, 2,2′, 4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB47), 2,2′,5,5′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB52), 2,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (CB118), 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB153), were synthesized as previously described [50,51]. The PCB mixtures, Clophen A30, Clophen A40, Clophen A50 and Clophen A60 are former commercially available PCB products (Bayer AG, Germany) [52].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated biphenyls induce arachidonic acid release in human platelets in a tamoxifen sensitive manner via activation of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2-α

Forsell

Olsson

Andersson

et al. 2005

Biochemical Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are stable compounds commonly found in nature as environmental pollutants. PCBs can affect the endocrine function of hormones such as steroid-hormones. Also, PCBs are known to be inducers of arachidonic acid release in various cells. We report, here, the effects of PCBs on eicosanoid formation, arachidonic acid release and cytosolic phospholipase A 2 -α(cPLA 2 -α) activation in human platelets. Ortho-substituted PCBs induced a time and dosedependent release of arachidonic acid and the concomitant formation of 12(S)-hydroxy-5,8-cis-10-trans-14-cis-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 12(S)-hydroxy-5-cis-8,10-transheptadecatrienoic acid (12-HHT) in human platelets. The release of arachidonic acid and the formation of 12-HETE was completely blocked by the cPLA 2 -α inhibitors AACOCF 3 or pyrrolidine-1. PCB-treatment of platelets demonstrated that the cPLA 2 -α protein as well as PLA 2 activity translocated to the membrane fraction, independent of a rise in intracellular Ca 2+ . Furthermore, electrophoretic gel mobility shift analysis of cPLA 2 -α on SDS-PAGE demonstrated a PCB-dependent phosphorylation of cPLA 2 -α. The effects of 17β-estradiol and two structurally unrelated anti-estrogens, nafoxidin and tamoxifen on PCB-induced arachidonic acid release in platelets were also investigated. Both nafoxidin and tamoxifen inhibited PCB-induced arachidonic acid release as well as 12-HETE and 12-HHT formation. Interestingly, platelets incubated with PCBs did not aggregate despite the fact that robust release of arachidonic acid was observed. In summary, these results demonstrate that certain PCBs induce activation of cPLA 2 -α independent of a rise in intracellular calcium and a robust release of arachidonic acid release with resulting eicosanoid formation in human platelets.

show abstract

“…Pure analytical standards of a-and y-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene (DDMU), 1,1 -dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene (DDE), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), were purchased from Supelco (Bellfonte, PA, USA), and various PCB congeners (named here with their chlorobiphenyl (CB) numbering according to Ballschmitter et al [14]), synthesised according to Sundstrom [15], were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of chlorinated pesticides and PCB in pine needles — improved method for the monitoring of airborne organochlorine pollutants

Kylin

Nordstrand

Sjödin

et al. 1996

Fresenius J Anal Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A method to determine organochlorine pollutants in pine needles is described. Fresh, whole needles have been extracted for 48 h in dichloromethane to obtain the epicuticular wax fraction. The remainder has been cut into small pieces and again extracted with dichloromethane to obtain the internal lipids. Prior to gas chromatography, both the wax and the internal lipid extracts have been fractionated on two columns: first a silica gel/silica gel : sulphuric acid 2 : 1 column with dichloromethane as eluent and then a nitrophenyl silica column with hexane as eluent. Three fractions have been collected, fraction 1 containing hexachlorobenzene (HCB), fraction 2 containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene (DDE), and fraction 3 containing the remaining, more polar, organochlorine pesticides. For some pine species, the nitrophenyl silica column has been combined with a short aminopropyl silica column to obtain chromatograms of the PCB fraction free from negative peaks. The precision is in the range of 4-12% relative standard deviation, and the overall recovery is around 65-90%.

show abstract

Polychlorinated Biphenyls. II. Synthesis of Some Tetra- and Pentachlorobiphenyls.

Cited by 83 publications

References 0 publications

Serum polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine insecticide concentrations in a Faroese birth cohort

Serum polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine insecticide concentrations in a Faroese birth cohort

Polychlorinated biphenyls induce arachidonic acid release in human platelets in a tamoxifen sensitive manner via activation of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2-α

Determination of chlorinated pesticides and PCB in pine needles — improved method for the monitoring of airborne organochlorine pollutants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About