Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Concentration Profiles in Sediments and Flood-Plain Soils of the Tittabawassee River, Michigan

Abstract

Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in sediments and flood-plain soils collected along the Tittabawassee River in Michigan ranged from 102 to 53,600 pg/g, dry wt. Mean PCDD/PCDF concentrations in downstream sediment and soil were from 10- to 20-fold greater than those found at locations upstream of Midland, Michigan. Concentrations of PCDD/PCDF in sediments and flood-plain soils from the Tittabawassee watershed were comparable to those found in industrialized areas such as the Housatonic and lower Passaic Rivers in the U.S. Concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs in soil and sediment were not correlated with total organic carbon (TOC) in sediments or soils. OCDD and 2,3,7,8-TeCDF were the predominant congeners in sediment/soil collected from locations downstream of Midland, Michigan. Principal component analysis of the PCDD/PCDF congener profile suggested the presence of sources originating from a mixture of chlorophenol and other chlorinated compound production. Mass balance analysis of TCDD equivalents (TCDD-EQs) derived from H4IIE-luc bioassay of sediment extracts and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TEQs) estimated from instrumental analysis suggested that PCDDs/PCDFs were the major dioxin-like compounds present in sediments. A significant correlation existed between bioassay-derived TCDD-EQs and instrumentally measured TEQs (r2 = 0.94).

PCDD/F and Dioxin-Like PCB Determinations in Mtoni Estuarine Sediments (Tanzania) Using the Chemically Activated Luciferase Gene Expression (CALUX) Bioassay

“…A significant correlation was observed between PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCB levels (r 2 = 0.40, p << 0.05), however, no significant correlations (p > 0.05) were found with % TOC although it is well-known that lipophilic compounds such as PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs tend to preferably associate with organic fractions (Koh et al, 2004(Koh et al, , 2006Pieters, 2007). The weak correlation between the pollutants and %TOC is contrary to the theoretical expectation explained elsewhere (Hilscherova et al, 2003), but the sources of TOC and PCDD/Fs or dl-PCBs are quite different in the Mtoni study area. TOC in the estuary and rivers is mainly originating from 2 sources: (1) mangrove degradation compounds (Marchand, Lallier-Vergès, & Baltzer, 2003) and (2) untreated domestic sewage water (Mihale, Kishimba, Baeyens, & Brion, 2013), while PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs originate from open burning processes (Lee, Coleman, J. Jones, K. Jones, & Lohmann, 2005) and traffic related emissions (Coleman, Lee, Alcock, & Jones, 1997).…”

Application of congener based multi-matrix profiling techniques to identify potential PCDD/F sources in environmental samples from the Burrishoole Catchment in the West of Ireland

“…TCDFs suggest sources originating from PCB mixtures, chlorobenzenes, chlor-alkali 388 processes, or the incineration of PCBs and PVC (Hilscherova et al, 2003, Kannan et al, 389 1998, Masunaga et al, 2001and Rackwitz et al, 1991 Ramona Carr for providing a map of the Burrishoole. Figure 2: Principal Components Analysis score plot for PCDD/F congeners (n=17).…”

Dietary exposure of three passerine species to PCDD/DFs from the Chippewa, Tittabawassee, and Saginaw River floodplains, Midland, Michigan, USA

“…Total concentrations of PCDD/DFs ( PCDD/DFs) in floodplain soils and sediments, from the study area (SA), ranged from 1.0 × 10 2 to 5.4 × 10 4 ng/kg dry weight, while mean PCDD/PCDF concentrations in soils and sediments in the reference area (RA) upstream of Midland were 10-to 20-fold less (Hilscherova et al 2003).…”

“…Because of the elevated soil and sediment concentrations in the SA (Hilscherova et al 2003) and low avian dietary exposure thresholds (Custer et al 2005;Eisler 2000;Nosek et al 1992), the authors investigated the potential for the accumulation of PCDFs and PCDDs from invertebrates to resident insectivorous birds.…”