Polychromator system for multielement determination by gas chromatography with helium plasma atomic emission spectrometric detection

Eckhoff, Michael A.; Caruso, Joseph A.; Ridgway, Thomas A.

doi:10.1021/ac00258a006

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The object of this work is to characterize a moderate-power He discharge as an element-selective detector for the gas chromatography of a variety of halogenated compounds, including the environmentally important dioxin EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Instrumentation. The system schematic diagram is similar to that reported earlier (8). Experimental components and model numbers are listed in Table I.…”

Section: Wright Brothersmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Since this intensity is not due to the element of interest, "false peaks" in the chromatograms and nonlinear response are common problems with determinations at elemental lines other than carbon. To avert this problem, either on-line (10) or off-line (8) background correction schemes may be employed. On-line background correction involves monitoring the background intensity shift caused by C at all spectroscopic lines when the element of interest is not present.…”

Section: Wright Brothersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The I line was monitored with a red-sensitive photomultiplier (Hamamatsu R-446). The others were as described previously (8). Data Acquisition.…”

Section: Wright Brothersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the time required for multielement determination of a sample is greatly decreased vs. single channel or slew-scanning monochromator systems. Gas chromatographic (GC) separations have been reported utilizing both an Ar-ICP (3) and He-MIP (4)(5)(6)(7)(8) in conjunction with polychromatic detection. In addition, the simultaneous multielement capability of the He-MIP/polychromator has allowed determination of elemental ratios of compounds eluting from a gas chromatograph (4)(5)(6)(7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moderate-power helium plasma as an element-selective detector for gas chromatography of dioxins and other halogenated compounds

Haas¹,

Caruso²

1985

Anal. Chem.

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Section: Wright Brothersmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Wright Brothersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The I line was monitored with a red-sensitive photomultiplier (Hamamatsu R-446). The others were as described previously (8). Data Acquisition.…”

Section: Wright Brothersmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moderate-power helium plasma as an element-selective detector for gas chromatography of dioxins and other halogenated compounds

Haas¹,

Caruso²

1985

Anal. Chem.

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“…In its initial stages, most of the work with the GC-MIP used packed columns and dealt with standard compounds in single-element mode. Later studies incorporated the use of capillary columns (e.g., Quimby et al 1980;Wasik and Schwarz 1980;Hanie et al 1981;Estes, Uden, and Barnes !981) or polychromators (e.g., Bonnekessel and Klier 1978;Brenner 1978;Windsor and Denton 1979;Eckhoff, Ridgway, and Caruso 1983). The plasma portion of the GC-MIP technique has also evolved since its introduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multielement detector for gas chromatography

Sklarew¹,

Evans²,

Olsen³

1988

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This report describes the results of a study to improve the capabilities of a gas chromatography-microwave-induced plasma (GC-MIP) detector system, determine the feasibility of empirical formula determination for simple mixtures containing elements of interest to fossil fuel analysis and, subsequently, explore applications for analysis of the complex mixtures associated with fossil fuels. The results of this study indicate that the GC-MJP system is useful as a specific-element detector that provides excellent elemental specificity for a number of elements of interest to the analysis of fossil fuels. It has reasonably good sensitivity for carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, and nickel, and better sensitivity for chlorine and fluorine. Sensitivity is poor for nitrogen and oxygen, however, probably because of undetected leaks or erosion of the plasma tube. The GC-MIP can also provide stoichiometric information about components of simple mixtures. If this powerful technique is to be available for complex mixtures, it will be necessary to greatly simplify the chromatograms by chemical fractionation. i i ; A low-pressure version of a Beenakker source was designed and constructed that combined the most attractive features of the existing atmospheric-pressure Beenakker and the low-pressure Evenson sources. This new source proved to be excellent for the measurement of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur, showing reasonably good sensitivity and good stability. Optimal operating parameters, including helium flow, scavenge gas flow, power level, and operating pressure, were determined for this source for C, H, N, S, and Cl. Parameters were chosen to minimize variation in elemental ratios resulting from instabilities in flow rates and power setting. v Vi Application of the GC-MIP technique to the complex mixtures found in fossil fuels was the final part of this study. Three different types of fossil fuels were used to explore these applications. Sulfur-, oxygen-, and nickel-containing species were considered. A series of alkylthiophenes and dimethyl disulfide were identified and quantitated in an oil shale retort gas condensate. The GC-MIP technique was successful in selectively detecting the sulfur components in this complex mixture, in concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 10.7 mol ppm. The detection limit was approximately 2 ng methylthiophene injected into the GC-MIP system. Attempts to determine stoichiometry of the sulfur components by comparison of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur ratios with those of standards were unsuccessful because of the complexity of the carbon and hydrogen chromatograms. Aluminum-coated methyl-silicone capillary columns, which could withstand oven temperatures as high as 400•c, were successfully used to chromatograph several relatively nonvolatile porphyrin compounds. The GC-MIP system was able to detect a nickel(II)-etioporphyrin standard at a detection limit of approximately 200 ng porphyrin injected (or about 20 ng nickel injected). However, it was not able to detect nickel porphyrins in the appropriate fractions o...

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Analytical aspects of sulfenic acids and their functional derivatives

Zabicky

1990

Sulfenic Acids and Derivatives (1990)

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Polychromator system for multielement determination by gas chromatography with helium plasma atomic emission spectrometric detection

Cited by 28 publications

References 25 publications

Moderate-power helium plasma as an element-selective detector for gas chromatography of dioxins and other halogenated compounds

Moderate-power helium plasma as an element-selective detector for gas chromatography of dioxins and other halogenated compounds

Multielement detector for gas chromatography

Analytical aspects of sulfenic acids and their functional derivatives

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