Polyclonal Reactive Peripheral Blood Plasmacytosis Mimicking Plasma Cell Leukemia in a Patient with Staphylococcal Sepsis

Shtalrid, Mordechai; Shvidel, Lev; Vorst, Eljakim

doi:10.1080/1042819021000029713

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The presence of smooth muscle/antiactin autoantibodies in active CD is not widely known, which has been found to be closely correlated with tissue transglutaminase and antigliadin antibodies as well as the severity of the intestinal injury [18]. Reactive plasmacytosis has been found in a variety of infections (e.g., Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B virus, acute respiratory infection), immune reactions to drugs, autoimmune diseases (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus, AIDS) and neoplastic conditions (lymphoma, leukemia), and plasma cells are polyclonal [19][20][21]. In addition, reactive plasmacytoses are known to be proliferative and disappear spontaneously and rapidly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperamylasemia, Reactive Plasmacytosis, and Immune Abnormalities in a Patient with Celiac Disease

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperamylasemia, Reactive Plasmacytosis, and Immune Abnormalities in a Patient with Celiac Disease

et al. 2007

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“…Polyclonal plasmacytosis in peripheral blood and bone marrow is not a recognized feature of AILT. Polyclonal plasmacytosis is a rare event, which has been observed in infectious diseases, drug reactions, malignant diseases and autoimmune diseases [1][2][3][4][5] . Most cases have an indolent or self-limited clinical course.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma with Polyclonal Proliferation of Plasma Cells in Peripheral Blood and Marrow

et al. 2006

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“…However, in these conditions, the plasmacytoid cell counts are usually not notably elevated (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of CD10-negative angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma with leukemic change and increased plasma cells mimicking plasma cell leukemia: A case report

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) is a peripheral T cell lymphoma, known to express CD3 and CD4, and, frequently, also CD10 and c-Maf-1. Hypergammaglobulinemia is not particularly rare in patients with AITL. However, AITL in conjunction with plasmacytosis in the peripheral blood is rare. The current report presents a case of CD10-negative AITL demonstrating leukemic change and plasmacytosis in the peripheral blood mimicking plasma cell leukemia. A 78-year-old male was admitted to hospital due to systemic lymph node enlargement, high serum IgG and IgA, and increased counts of plasmacytoid cells and lymphoid cells with atypical nuclei in the peripheral blood. Initially, plasma cell leukemia was suspected, due to the extreme increase in the number of plasma cells in the peripheral blood. However, the plasma cells did not show clonal expansion on examination by flow cytometry. Based on histological analyses, following a biopsy of an enlarged lymph node, the patient was diagnosed with AITL. This case suggests that when hypergammaglobulinemia and increases in B-lineage cells are observed, AITL should be considered in addition to disorders of B-lineage cells. IntroductionAITL is the second most frequent subtype of peripheral T cell lymphoma in the Western world, accounting for ~25-30% of peripheral T cell lymphoma cases and 2-4% of all cases of lymphoma (1). It has been reported that AITL presents with a number of clinical symptoms, including fever, weight loss, chills, skin rashes, pruritis, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia and hypergammaglobulinemia (2). Patients with AITL, frequently exhibit anemia, thrombocytopenia and lymphopenia in the peripheral blood. However, it is rare for patients with AITL to have numerous plasma cells in the peripheral blood, which is a feature more typical of plasma cell leukemia (3-5). The current report presents a case of a patient with AITL, in whom leukemic change and plasmacytosis were observed in the peripheral blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes. Case reportA 78-year-old male was admitted to hospital, due to systemic lymph node swelling and an elevated number of white blood cells in comparison with normal levels, which had been detected by his family doctor 10 days previously. Upon physical examination, lymph nodes in the cervical region, supraclavicular fossa, axillary fossa and inguinal fossa were found to be enlarged to 40 mm. The peripheral white blood cell count was elevated and numerous plasmacytoid cells without dysmorphic features, in addition to small-to-medium-sized lymphoid cells with atypical nuclei, were observed in his peripheral blood, as shown in Table I, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2A and B. 'Other' in the leukocyte classification in Table I, includes plasmacytoid cells (19% of whole white blood cells) and lymphoid cells with nuclear atypia (22% of whole white blood cells). Anemia and low platelet numbers were also observed.

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Polyclonal Reactive Peripheral Blood Plasmacytosis Mimicking Plasma Cell Leukemia in a Patient with Staphylococcal Sepsis

Abstract: A 41-year-old man presented with rhabdomyolysis and sepsis while the peripheral blood smear showed a pseudo-leukemic picture of plasma cells. After starting supportive therapy, the morphologic finding disappeared within 24 h.

Cited by 38 publications

References 3 publications

Hyperamylasemia, Reactive Plasmacytosis, and Immune Abnormalities in a Patient with Celiac Disease

Hyperamylasemia, Reactive Plasmacytosis, and Immune Abnormalities in a Patient with Celiac Disease

Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma with Polyclonal Proliferation of Plasma Cells in Peripheral Blood and Marrow

A case of CD10-negative angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma with leukemic change and increased plasma cells mimicking plasma cell leukemia: A case report

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