Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Ifegwu, Okechukwu Clinton; Anyakora, Chimezie

doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2015.08.001

Cited by 64 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as the prototypical molecule benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), constitute an ubiquitous family of environmental contaminants, that are notably found in cigarette smoke, exhaust particles, grilled foods and industrial waste by-products 1, 2 . Exposure to these pollutants has been correlated to various pathological situations, including inflammation, cancer development, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases 3, 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzo(a)pyrene triggers desensitization of β2-adrenergic pathway

Mayati

Podechard

Rineau

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Exposure to environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), has been linked to several health-threatening risks. PAHs were also shown to hinder adrenergic receptor (ADR) responses. As we previously demonstrated that B(a)P can directly interact with the β2ADR, we investigated here whether B(a)P could decrease β2ADR responsiveness by triggering receptor desensitization phenomena. We firstly showed that exposure to B(a)P reduced β2ADR-mediated epinephrine-induced induction of NR4A gene mRNAs and of intracellular cAMP. Analysis of β2ADR protein expression demonstrated that B(a)P rapidly decreased membrane expression of β2ADR with a subsequent degradation of receptor protein. B(a)P exposure concomitantly rapidly increased the β2ADR mRNA levels. The use of the β-blockers, propranolol and ICI 118.551, demonstrated the involvement of β2ADR itself in this increase. However, sustained exposure to B(a)P induced a diminution of β2ADR mRNA steady-state as a result of the acceleration of its degradation. Together, these results show that, beside the well-known activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, PAH deleterious effects may involve the dysfunction of adrenergic responses through, in part, the desensitization of β2ADR. This may be taken in consideration when β2-agonists/antagonists are administered in patients exposed to important concentrations of PAHs, e.g. in cigarette smokers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzo(a)pyrene triggers desensitization of β2-adrenergic pathway

Mayati

Podechard

Rineau

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…En particular, la producción de enzimas hidrolíticas es considerada una adaptación para el aprovechamiento de sustratos disponibles en la columna de agua como fuente de carbono, nutrientes y energía (Arnosti, 2014;Liu et al 2018), que tiene implicaciones ecológicas relevantes en el reciclaje de materia orgánica y nutrientes, particularmente en el ciclo del carbono en el océano (Becker et al 2017;Liu et al 2018 Las capacidades metabólicas de los microorganismos para desarrollar procesos de biorremediación también está relacionada con la excreción de enzimas que hidrolizan macromoléculas en monómeros fácilmente degradables (Sivaperumal et al 2017). Los aislados bacterianos con capacidad de producir enzimas hidrolíticas y degradar hidrocarburos del petróleo y fenoles representan un potencial para el desarrollo de tecnologías eficientes para la biorremediación de compuestos xenobióticos con implicaciones para la salud humana, que incluyen efectos carcinogénicos, mutagénicos y teratogénicos (Ifegwu & Anyakora, 2015;Chen et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Caracterización de bacterias cultivables aisladas de sitios de arrecifes mesofóticos de Cuba

et al. 2021

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Las comunidades bacterianas de sitios de arrecifes mesofóticos constituyen información genética de interés por las condiciones particulares de temperatura, presión, salinidad y disponibilidad de materia orgánica y nutrientes en la que se desarrollan. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la diversidad bacteriana en aguas aledañas a los arrecifes mesofóticos de Cuba en mayo-junio de 2017; así como algunas de sus potencialidades biotecnológicas. Los cultivos fueron aislados en medio agar marino, en dos niveles de la columna de agua, en 10 sitios de muestreos. Posteriormente se evaluaron las capacidades metabólicas de los aislados, relacionadas con la asimilación de diferentes fuentes de carbono y la producción de metabolitos bioactivos. Los resultados permitieron la caracterización de 30 aislados bacterianos de aguas del nivel subsuperficial y 32 de aguas profundas. El mayor porcentaje corresponde a bacilos esporulados Gram positivos y bacilos Gram negativos. Asimismo, se demostró que el 85.5% degradan carbohidratos de diferente naturaleza y el 96.8% producen enzimas hidrolíticas con actividad caseinasa, gelatinasa, lipasa o amilasa. La capacidad de degradar petróleo y compuestos fenólicos indistintamente fue detectada en el 61.3% de los aislados. Entre las potencialidades de interés biomédico e industrial se detectó actividad tensioactiva y asparaginasa en el 53% y 32% de los cultivos, respectivamente. Por su parte, la caracterización taxonómica de 40 cultivos seleccionados por sus potencialidades metabólicas demostró que el género Bacillus presentó mayor actividad biológica. Estos resultados constituyen el primer acercamiento a la caracterización de la diversidad bacteriana en sitios de arrecifes mesofóticos de Cuba.

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“…When wood treatment chemicals are used, PAH concentrations may be elevated through accidental spillage of the chemicals, poor disposal of sludge (creosote waste) and other wood preservative concoctions. These hazardous wastes eventually leach into the soil and water resources and may be taken up by plants and aquatic organisms [14]. Due to accumulative and persistence nature, PAHs get into the fatty tissues of animals and plants and ultimately to the natural food chains in a cycle of trophic events [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the bottom sediments of Elburgon River—Kenya: precursors for cancer

et al. 2019

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The exponential growth in the rate of industrialization is a serious precursor for contamination and deterioration of the environment. Water pollution, for instance, is expected to reach disturbing levels in the years to come. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water systems are persistent contaminants not only in aquatic systems but also in soil, air and plant materials and are well-known initiators for cancer and gene mutation. Numerous human-dependent activities such as agriculture and suspected wood treatment works in Elburgon may lead to an increased PAH contamination of water in River Elburgon, especially when the internationally set limits are exceeded. The sediment samples were collected in May 2019 during the wet season and treated for analysis of PAHs using a gas chromatograph hyphenated to a mass selective detector. A total of 25 PAHs were quantified in this study out of which pyrene was the most abundant, contributing ≈ 17% of the total concentrations of PAHs identified. The total concentration of the PAHs analyzed in this study was found to be ∑ 25 PAH = 73.19 ± 3.67 μg g −1 dry weight (dw) with pyrene contributing a total concentration ∑ pyrene = 12.44 ± 0.54 μg g −1 dw. On the other hand, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-a well-known carcinogen-was significantly high ∑ BaP = 10.67 ± 0.43 μg g −1 . Other major PAHs detected included acenaphthene and 5,6-dihydrobenzo[de] anthracene, 14.57% and ≈ 11% , respectively. The low concentration PAHs included 1-ethenylnaphthalene and 1,4,5-trimethylnaphthalene each at 0.08% . The presence of benzo[a]pyrene in significant amounts is of serious concern on the public health of the residents of Elburgon and its environs. Considering the high levels of PAHs in the sediments of River Elburgon, it is important to note with concern that the water in the river under study is not only be unsuitable for drinking but also unsuitable for other domestic purposes such as irrigation and laundry.

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Cited by 64 publications

References 102 publications

Benzo(a)pyrene triggers desensitization of β2-adrenergic pathway

Benzo(a)pyrene triggers desensitization of β2-adrenergic pathway

Caracterización de bacterias cultivables aisladas de sitios de arrecifes mesofóticos de Cuba

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the bottom sediments of Elburgon River—Kenya: precursors for cancer

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