Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in Abraded Particles of Brake and Clutch Linings

Knecht, U.; Elliehausen, H. J.; Judas, W.; Woitowitz, H.‐J.

doi:10.1080/03067318708081864

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Faulds et al (1981) found that PAHs in diesel engine exhaust attach to respirable dust particles and travel long distances in underground mines, resulting in exposure of mine workers far removed from engine sites. Mechanics may also be exposed to PAHs resulting from the pyrolytic decomposition of the organic fractions of abraded particles from clutch and brake linings (Knecht et al, 1987). Potential exposure to PAHs in road sealing work involving coal tar and bitumen was discussed by Darby et al (1986).…”

Section: General Population and Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 98%

Atsdr Evaluation of Health Effects of Chemicals. Iv. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): Understanding a Complex Problem

et al. 1996

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of chemicals that are formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage, or other organic substances, such as tobacco and charbroiled meat. There are more than 100 PAHs. PAHs generally occur as complex mixtures (for example, as part of products such as soot), not as single compounds. PAHs are found throughout the environment in the air, water, and soil. As part of its mandate, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) prepares toxicological profiles on hazardous chemicals, including PAHs (ATSDR, 1995), found at facilities on the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) National Priorities List (NPL) and which pose the most significant potential threat to human health, as determined by ATSDR and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These profiles include information on health effects of chemicals from different routes and durations of exposure, their potential for exposure, regulations and advisories, and the adequacy of the existing database. Assessing the health effects of PAHs is a major challenge because environmental exposures to these chemicals are usually to complex mixtures of PAHs with other chemicals. The biological consequences of human exposure to mixtures of PAHs depend on the toxicity, carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic, of the individual components of the mixture, the types of interactions among them, and confounding factors that are not thoroughly understood. Also identified are components of exposure and health effects research needed on PAHs that will allow estimation of realistic human health risks posed by exposures to PAHs. The exposure assessment component of research should focus on (1) development of reliable analytical methods for the determination of bioavailable PAHs following ingestion, (2) estimation of bioavailable PAHs from environmental media, particularly the determination of particle-bound PAHs, (3) data on ambient levels of PAHs metabolites in tissues/fluids of control populations, and (4) the need for a critical evaluation of current levels of PAHs found in environmental media including data from hazardous waste sites. The health effects component should focus on obtaining information on (1) the health effects of mixtures of PAHs particularly their noncarcinogenic effects in humans, and (2) their toxicokinetics. This report provides excerpts from the toxicological profile of PAHs (ATSDR, 1995) that contains more detailed information.

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Section: General Population and Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 98%

Atsdr Evaluation of Health Effects of Chemicals. Iv. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): Understanding a Complex Problem

et al. 1996

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“…: 558 C. R. SAUNDERS et al aluminum (Darby and Willis, 1986;Davies et al, 1986;Knecht and Elliehausen, 1987;Lesage et al, 1987;Lioy et al, 1988;Menzie and Santodonato, 1992;ATSDR, 1995). B(a)P originating from manmade sources is quantitatively the most significant (ATSDR, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Behavioral effects induced by acute exposure to benzo(a)pyrene in F-344 rats

2001

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are highly persistent environmental pollutants which pose potential adverse effects on human health. Benzo(a)-pyrene (B(a)P) is the prototypical representative of these widely dispersed lipophylic contaminants. (B(a)P) exposure in experimental animals results in an array of tissue- and organ-specific responses including carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, reproductive and immunotoxicity. However, no previous studies have examined the potential neurobehavioral toxicity of B(a)P in vivo. The present study was conducted to investigate the behavioral effects induced by single oral doses of (B(a)P) in 8-week-old male and female F-344 rats. Rats were exposed to 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of B(a)P by oral gavage. Motor activity measurements and the functional observational battery (FOB) were used to assess behavioral changes induced by B(a)P at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post treatment. Statistical analyses revealed significant (p <0.001) dose, sex and time interactions. (B(a)P) doses ranging from 25 to 200 mg/kg produced a significant suppression (up to 60%) in four motor activity parameters: horizontal activity, total distance, stereotype and vertical activity in both sexes within 2 and 4h of dosing. B(a)P treated male and female animals also showed significant (p <0.001) changes in neuromuscular, autonomic, sensorimotor and physiological functions within 2 and 4h post B(a)P administration except in the 12.5 mg/kg treatment group. The 12.5 mg/kg dose did not produce significant (p > 0.05) behavioral toxicity in either males or females. All treated animals (25-200 mg/kg) recovered from the toxic effects of B(a)P by 72 h. Significant (p < 0.05) gender differences were noted in FOB test measures with males displaying greater sensitivity to B(a)P. These data suggest that motor activity and FOB measurements can be used as indices to detect B(a)P neurotoxicity.

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“…Mechanics may also be exposed to PAHs resulting from the pyrolytic decomposition of the organic fractions of abraded particles from clutch and brake linings (Knecht et al 1987). Potential exposure to PAHs in road sealing work involving coal tar and bitumen was discussed by Darby et al (1986).…”

Section: Potential For Human Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%