Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometrial Cancer

Navaratnarajah, Ramesan; Pillay, Ouma C.; Hardiman, Paul

doi:10.1055/s-2007-992926

Cited by 107 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…PCOS was found to be a significant risk factor predicting malignancy in endometrial polyps. Endometrial hyperplasia is seen in 35 % of women with PCOS who are not receiving either contraceptive steroids or periodic progestin withdrawal [28]. Moreover, those at the highest risk of endometrial hyperplasia are women who have less than 4 menses per year and ultrasound endometrial thickness more than 7 mm [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors Associated with the Malignant Changes of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Endometrial Polyps in Premenopausal Women

Elfayomy

Soliman

2014

J Obstet Gynecol India

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Objective This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of premalignant and malignant lesions of symptomatic and asymptomatic endometrial polyps among premenopausal women and to verify whether different clinical parameters, and polyp volume and number are associated with a more precise estimate of malignancy. Methods One hundred and fifty women aged 29-52 years and with certain diagnosis of endometrial polyp were enrolled in a prospective observational study. The recruited patients underwent hysteroscopic polypectomy based on saline infusion sonohysterography and diagnostic hysteroscopy. Pathologic report was the main outcome. Results Among women with endometrial polyps, 62 % had asymptomatic polyps. The prevalence of premalignant and malignant polyps comprised 4.6 % of cases (3.3 % hyperplasia with atypia and 1.3 % carcinomatous polyps). The presence of abnormal uterine bleeding was not a predictor of premalignant and malignant changes in the polyp. On logistic regression analysis, the premalignant and malignant lesions were influenced by polycystic ovary syndrome (p \ 0.001; OR 4.61; CI 1.9-27), polyp volume [10 ml (p \ 0.001; OR 5.83; CI 4.31-9.17), and multiple polyps (p = 0. 01; OR 2.05; CI 1.09-3.76). Notably, the odds ratio of polyp volume [10 ml was 5.83. This additional risk confirms the importance of polyp volume in the detection of malignant transformation rather than associating bleeding in premenopausal women. Conclusion Polycystic ovary syndrome, polyp volume greater than 10 ml, and increased polyp number represent the markers of risk for premalignant and malignant 123 transformation of endometrial polyps in premenopausal women. Nonetheless, the majority of polyps are asymptomatic, and the risk of malignancy is very low. Therefore, for women with polyp volume B10 ml and no risk factors, a more expectant approach may be warranted in order to reduce surgical risks and costs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally assumed that chronic anovulation with unopposed estrogen stimulation of the endometrium is a main factor. Obesity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, and recurrence of AUB after hysteroscopic polypectomy, which are also the features of PCOS, are the risk factors for endometrial malignancy [28,30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Associated with the Malignant Changes of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Endometrial Polyps in Premenopausal Women

Elfayomy

Soliman

2014

J Obstet Gynecol India

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“…Было продемонстрировано, что женщины с СПКЯ имеют повышенный (почти в 4 раза) риск развития рака эндометрия, в то время как риск развития других ЗНО (рака молочных желез и рака яичников) сопоставим с аналогичным показателем в общей популяции женского населения Дании [13]. Степень риска рака эндометрия у женщин с СПКЯ до сих пор обсуждается [4,26]. Отмечены различия в фенотипе женщин с РЭ при наличии и без СПКЯ.…”

Section: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Pcos) Is the Most Common Endocrinunclassified

Endometrial Markers of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (A Literature Review)

Sharifulin¹,

Шарифулин²,

Сутурина³

2018

Acta Biomedica Scientifica

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in women and has a significant impact on various aspects of their health and the quality of life. The epidemiology of PCOS is well understood, while the prevalence of this syndrome depends on diagnostic criteria used, the characteristics of the population sample, and vary from 6-10 % to 15 % and higher. A number of studies suggest that the endometrium in women with PCOS differs from the normal endometrium morphologically and functionally. PCOS is associated with infertility problems, higher incidence of pregnancy complications and with increased risk of endometrial cancer, especially when obesity is present.

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“…Epidemiological data has demonstrated that obese individuals possess a significantly increased risk of developing endometrial cancer in comparison with non-obese individuals (risk ratio, 6.25; 95% CI, 3.75-10.42; P<0.001) (36). An additional risk factor for endometrial cancer is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), in which hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism are the two central pathological conditions (37). Metformin has a therapeutic effect on the anovulatory cycle in PCOS (38), and is expected to reduce the carcinogenic risk in endometrial cancer (39).…”

Section: Antitumor Effect Of Metformin In Endometrial Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Metformin: A candidate for the treatment of gynecological tumors based on drug repositioning

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Metformin is a first-line drug used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Recently, metformin has been reported to reduce the carcinogenic risk and inhibit tumor cell growth in glioma and breast cancer. The anticancer action of metformin involves the enhancement of phosphorylation of liver kinase B1, activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin, which reduces cell growth. Metformin is anticipated to exert antitumor effects in gynecological cancer, and its efficacy for the treatment of endometrial, breast and ovarian cancer has been suggested in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Although the effect of metformin on cervical cancer remains to be examined in clinical trials, its antitumor effects have been reported in preclinical studies. Thus, the use of metformin for the treatment of gynecological cancer may become a successful example of drug repositioning, following establishment of the drug's antitumor effects, risk evaluation, screening and validation of efficacy.

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometrial Cancer

Cited by 107 publications

References 43 publications

Risk Factors Associated with the Malignant Changes of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Endometrial Polyps in Premenopausal Women

Risk Factors Associated with the Malignant Changes of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Endometrial Polyps in Premenopausal Women

Endometrial Markers of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (A Literature Review)

Metformin: A candidate for the treatment of gynecological tumors based on drug repositioning

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