Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Carvalho, Laura Machado Lara; Reis, Fernando M.; Cândido, Alexandre Luna; Nunes, Fernanda Freire Campos; Ferreira, Cláudia N.; Gomes, Karina Braga

doi:10.2478/enr-2018-0026

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…PCOS is the main hyperandrogenic endocrinopathy in women during their menacme. Its pathophysiology is complex, and it is endowed with several molecular routes with multiple hormonal components, inflammatory and homeostatic alterations that are characterized mainly by insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism [10]. Its relationship with lipid and glycidic metabolism disorders has been the target of many studies, and currently PCOS is considered a metabolic disease, with all its implications [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Issues of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Manaus, Brazil

Ferreira¹,

Fantin²

2020

JPP

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is prevalent in 6% to 20% in women of reproductive age and is considered the most common pathological endocrine disorder in this population. Its etiology is complex, and it is characterized by a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms arising from the excess of androgens. The diagnosis of PCOS is mainly made by observing the clinical phenotype of the patient, along with the request for laboratory exams. In this study, we analyzed medical records of patients who sought the Gynecology and Obstetrics ward of a university hospital in the city of Manaus, Brazil. Among 523 verified records, 40 PCOS diagnoses were found and related to the period from 1991 to 2018. We also verified the conditions of storage of medical records of patients, since, up until 2018, this reference center did not have digital data storage mechanisms. It was observed in some cases that important clinical data were not requested by the physician or, when requested, were not presented by the patient at the return visit. In other cases, some data were shown to be missing or crossed out. There was also a lack of appropriate data sheets for the collection of clinical data. The medical record is an important document and ensures the quality of continuous patient care and is also useful for data collection and analysis for teaching and research, among other uses. Due to the conditions of storage and recording of the patient's clinical history, it is possible that significant medical information may have been completely lost.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Issues of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Manaus, Brazil

Ferreira¹,

Fantin²

2020

JPP

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“…These women typically present hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries [223,224]. Patients with PCOS show obesity (visceral phenotype), lipid disorders, IR, compensatory hyperinsulinemia, and they have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular complications, reproductive disorders (best review by [225]). Regarding the IR, the hyperinsulinemia-associated increases pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and ovary theca cells androgen production; contextually it suppresses the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) production in the liver leading to an enhance of free androgens in the blood that in turn further worsens the insulin resistance [226].…”

Section: Chronic Diseases From Lifestyle To Pparsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle and Food Habits Impact on Chronic Diseases: Roles of PPARs

Castelli

Tupone

Catanesi

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that exert important functions in mediating the pleiotropic effects of diverse exogenous factors such as physical exercise and food components. Particularly, PPARs act as transcription factors that control the expression of genes implicated in lipid and glucose metabolism, and cellular proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent advancements reported on the effects of lifestyle and food habits on PPAR transcriptional activity in chronic disease.

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“…1). In addition, higher levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are a result of increased number of small antral follicles [1], impairing the follicle growth and the selection of a dominant follicle [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms of Vitamin D Receptor and the Effect on Metabolic and Endocrine Abnormalities in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review

et al. 2021

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Vitamin D and its receptor are thought to play an important role in PCOS susceptibility, although the impact of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms on the hormonal and metabolic profile is still controversial. A literature search in PubMed and Embase was performed up to September 2020 for case-control studies in women suffering from PCOS, with outcome related to VDR polymorphisms effect on metabolic/endocrine disturbances. We have found 16 eligible studies including 2566 women with PCOS and 2430 controls. ApaI polymorphism seemed to be associated with hyperandrogenism in both Asian and Caucasian population. FokI variant was correlated with metabolic/endocrine parameters especially in Asian population, while a relation between Cdx2 genotypes and insulin sensitivity was observed in both ethnicities. VDR polymorphisms have an important role in PCOS development and related hormonal and metabolic abnormalities. Few case-control studies analysed the interaction between VDR variants and metabolic/endocrine parameters with the majority of the articles focused on the Asian region. Further research on various ethnic populations with larger sample size are still needed for a definitive conclusion, in order to allow early diagnosis and prevention of PCOS comorbidities.

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Cited by 36 publications

References 129 publications

Diagnostic Issues of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Manaus, Brazil

Diagnostic Issues of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Manaus, Brazil

Lifestyle and Food Habits Impact on Chronic Diseases: Roles of PPARs

Polymorphisms of Vitamin D Receptor and the Effect on Metabolic and Endocrine Abnormalities in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review

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