Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Hechtman, Leah

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-43044-9.00209-0

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…In PCOS, insulin, independent of gonadotropin secretion, alters steroid production in the ovaries [ 3 ]. Insulin and IGF-I have been linked to ovulation disruption by suppressing the synthesis of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in the liver and indirectly reducing the production of IGFBP-1 [ 4 , 7 ], resulting in an increase in IGF1 concentration, which in turn enhances ovarian androgen production [ 31 ] and, as a result, metabolic changes and weight gain [ 32 ]. The current study showed that administration of Calendula extract reduced serum glucose and insulin levels as well as improved HOMA-IR in PCOS rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Hydroalcoholic Calendula Officinalis Extract on Androgen-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Model in Female Rat

Gharanjik

Shojaeifard

Karbalaei

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Background. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age, and the major cause of infertility. Today, using medicinal plants instead of chemical drugs could be an alternative treatment option for PCOS. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Calendula officinalis hydroalcoholic extract on PCOS in rats. Method. 60 female adult rats were randomly divided into six groups, including control, sham, PCOS group, and treated PCOS groups receiving hydroalcoholic extract of Calendula officinalis with different dosages of 200, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. PCOS was induced by subcutaneous injection of DHEA 6 mg/100 g bw for 35 days. For two weeks, the extract was taken orally. The serum glucose, insulin, sex hormone levels, and oxidative status were measured at the end of the experiment. The ovaries were dissected for histomorphometric and pathological analysis. Results. When compared to the control and sham groups, the PCOS group showed a significant increase in glucose, insulin, testosterone, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, cystic and atretic follicles, and thickness of the theca and tunica albuginea layers, and a significant decrease in LH concentration, total antioxidant capacity, corpus luteum, antral follicles, and oocyte diameter. The mean concentration of FSH, on the other hand, did not change significantly. A trend of improvement was found in the treated groups with high doses of Calendula officinalis extract. Conclusion. In rats with PCOS and nonovulation, Calendula officinalis hydroalcoholic extract improved oxidative stress, restored folliculogenesis, and increased ovulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insulin resistance is common in PCOS, and it increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and other metabolic abnormalities. PCOS is related to a variety of diseases, including anxiety, depression, breast and endometrial cancers, neurological, and psychological disorders [ 4 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Hydroalcoholic Calendula Officinalis Extract on Androgen-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Model in Female Rat

Gharanjik

Shojaeifard

Karbalaei

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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“…There has been increasing evidence supporting the significant contribution of AGEs derived from exogenous sources, primarily diets, to the accumulation of AGEs in tissues and their circulation throughout the body. These exogenous AGEs are hence recognised as a major contributing source to the total body pool of AGEs [ 40 , 41 , 42 ]. The AGE content of the diet can vary significantly, depending on the types of foods consumed and their preparation methods.…”

Section: Sources Of Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Glycation End-Products and Their Effects on Gut Health

et al. 2023

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Dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of compounds formed when reducing sugars are heated with proteins, amino acids, or lipids at high temperatures for a prolonged period. The presence and accumulation of AGEs in numerous cell types and tissues are known to be prevalent in the pathology of many diseases. Modern diets, which contain a high proportion of processed foods and therefore a high level of AGE, cause deleterious effects leading to a multitude of unregulated intracellular and extracellular signalling and inflammatory pathways. Currently, many studies focus on investigating the chemical and structural aspects of AGEs and how they affect the metabolism and the cardiovascular and renal systems. Studies have also shown that AGEs affect the digestive system. However, there is no complete picture of the implication of AGEs in this area. The gastrointestinal tract is not only the first and principal site for the digestion and absorption of dietary AGEs but also one of the most susceptible organs to AGEs, which may exert many local and systemic effects. In this review, we summarise the current evidence of the association between a high-AGE diet and poor health outcomes, with a special focus on the relationship between dietary AGEs and alterations in the gastrointestinal structure, modifications in enteric neurons, and microbiota reshaping.

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“…Exogenous sources of AGEs include dietary consumption of high-carbohydrate containing foods, tea, coffee, beer and foods that are fermented, roasted, baked or fried ( Luevano-Contreras and Chapman-Novakofski, 2010 ). Other factors such as cigarette smoking also influence the amount of AGE formation ( Hechtman, 2020 ). Besides, AGEs are also formed endogenously from reducing sugars (e.g., glucose, fructose, ribose-5-phosphate, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AGE-RAGE axis culminates into multiple pathogenic processes: a central road to neurodegeneration

Bhattacharya

Alam

Kamal

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs; e.g., glyoxal, methylglyoxal or carboxymethyl-lysine) are heterogenous group of toxic compounds synthesized in the body through both exogenous and endogenous pathways. AGEs are known to covalently modify proteins bringing about loss of functional alteration in the proteins. AGEs also interact with their receptor, receptor for AGE (RAGE) and such interactions influence different biological processes including oxidative stress and apoptosis. Previously, AGE-RAGE axis has long been considered to be the maligning factor for various human diseases including, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular, aging, etc. Recent developments have revealed the involvement of AGE-RAGE axis in different pathological consequences associated with the onset of neurodegeneration including, disruption of blood brain barrier, neuroinflammation, remodeling of extracellular matrix, dysregulation of polyol pathway and antioxidant enzymes, etc. In the present article, we attempted to describe a new avenue that AGE-RAGE axis culminates to different pathological consequences in brain and therefore, is a central instigating component to several neurodegenerative diseases (NGDs). We also invoke that specific inhibitors of TIR domains of TLR or RAGE receptors are crucial molecules for the therapeutic intervention of NGDs. Clinical perspectives have also been appropriately discussed.

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Cited by 4 publications

References 200 publications

The Effect of Hydroalcoholic Calendula Officinalis Extract on Androgen-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Model in Female Rat

The Effect of Hydroalcoholic Calendula Officinalis Extract on Androgen-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Model in Female Rat

Advanced Glycation End-Products and Their Effects on Gut Health

AGE-RAGE axis culminates into multiple pathogenic processes: a central road to neurodegeneration

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