Polydatin Incorporated in Polycaprolactone Nanofibers Improves Osteogenic Differentiation

Abstract

Polycaprolactone nanofibers are used as scaffolds in the field of tissue engineering for tissue regeneration or drug delivery. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable hydrophobic polyester used to obtain implantable nanostructures, which are clinically applicable due to their biological safety. Polydatin (PD), a glycosidic precursor of resveratrol, is known for its antioxidant, antitumor, antiosteoporotic, and bone regeneration activities. We aimed to use the osteogenic capacity of polydatin to create a biomimetic innovative and patented scaffold consisting of PCL-PD for bone tissue engineering. Both osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were used to test the in vitro cytocompatibility of the PD-PCL scaffold. Reverse-phase (RP) HPLC was used to evaluate the timing release of PD from the PCL-PD nanofibers and the MTT assay, scanning electron microscopy, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were used to evaluate the proliferation, adhesion, and cellular differentiation in both osteosarcoma and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded on PD-PCL nanofibers. The proliferation of osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2) on the PD-PCL scaffold decreased when compared to cells grown on PLC nanofibers, whereas the proliferation of MSCs was comparable in both PCL and PD-PCL nanofibers. Noteworthy, after 14 days, the ALP activity was higher in both Saos-2 cells and MSCs cultivated on PD-PCL than on empty scaffolds. Moreover, the same cells showed a spindle-shaped morphology after 14 days when grown on PD-PCL as shown by SEM. In conclusion, we provide evidence that nanofibers appropriately coated with PD support the adhesion and promote the osteogenic differentiation of both human osteosarcoma cells and MSCs.

Tuning of Silver Content on the Antibacterial and Biological Properties of Poly(ɛ-caprolactone)/Biphasic Calcium Phosphate 3D-Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…In parallel, we further confirmed that the PCL polymer alone or blended with CaPs did not impair Saos-2 cell viability or proliferation [17,45,46].…”

Multi-Anticancer Activities of Phytoestrogens in Human Osteosarcoma

“…Interestingly, some ongoing research is focusing on the development of highly specific and long-acting analogues or drug delivery strategies to improve the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of phytoestrogens in human OS models [265,276,328,332,335]. This may encourage the exploitation of the therapeutic potential of phytoestrogens in managing OS and other types of cancers.…”

“…Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable hydrophobic polyester used to obtain clinically applicable implantable nanostructures [334]. In their study, Lama and coworkers demonstrated that PCL nanofibers complexed to polydatin supported adhesion and promoted osteogenic differentiation in both SaOS-2 cells and bone MSCs, providing evidence of the osteogenic capacity of polydatin to create a biomimetic, innovative, and patented scaffold for both anticancer and regenerative purposes [335].…”