“…Upon environmental stimulation, the blue PDAs can undergo a colorimetric transition from blue to red and a fluorescence enhancement. Utilizing the colorimetric and fluorogenic changes, some systems based on PDAs have been constructed to detect various targets,6–17 such as viruses,7 microorganisms,8 bacterial toxins,9 proteins,10 antigens/pathogens,11 DNAs,12 enzymes,13 membrane interaction,14 organic molecules,15 ions,16 and gases 17. In our previous report, the regularly arrayed hydrogen bonding of PDAs with phenolate as head groups can be destroyed upon the addition of surfactants with cationic head groups, producing notable optical changes 15b.…”