Polydimethyl siloxane based nanocomposites with antibiofilm properties for biomedical applications

Abstract

Polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) is an excellent implant material for biomedical applications, but often fails as it is prone to microbial colonization which forms biofilms. In the present study CuO, CTAB capped CuO, and ZnO nanoparticles were tested as nanofillers to enhance the antibiofilm property of PDMS against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In general S. aurues (Gram positive and more hydrophobic) favor PDMS surface than glass while E. coli (Gram negative and more hydrophilic) behaves in a reverse way. Incorporation of nanofillers renders the PDMS surface antibacterial and reduces the attachment of both bacteria. These surfaces are also not cytotoxic nor show any cell damage. Contact angle of the material and the cell surface hydrophobicity influenced the extent of bacterial attachment. Cell viability in biofilms was dependent on the antimicrobial property of the nanoparticles incorporated in the PDMS matrix. Simple regression relationships were able to predict the bacterial attachment and number of dead cells on these nanocomposites. Among the nanocomposites tested, PDMS incorporated with CTAB (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide)-capped CuO appears to be the best antibacterial material with good cyto-compatibility. V C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 00B: 000-000, 2016.

Structural and Functional Dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms and Biofilm Matrix Proteins on Different Clinical Materials

“…A wide range of different implant materials are used in orthopedics. Despite the intensive research currently being performed on different technologies for incorporating antimicrobial agents [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], only a few studies investigating biofilm formation on different clinically relevant implantation materials have been published [33][34][35][36][37][38]. The dynamic changes associated with biofilm growth [39] make biofilm eradication from clinical materials even more challenging.…”

A Nanowire-Based Flexible Antibacterial Surface Reduces the Viability of Drug-Resistant Nosocomial Pathogens

“…On the one hand, there are previous published reports where growth of eukaryotic cells on copper surfaces has also been reported. 50 On the other hand the tolerance of heavy metal (Cu) by bacteria is comparatively less (e.g., 1 × 10 −8 M or 0.6355 ppb of copper ion concentration is cytotoxic for Klebsiella aerogenes, a Gram-negative bacteria 51 ). Hence the PDMS_Cu surface can be used as an antibacterial surface for healthcare applications surface while supporting the survival of RAW macrophage and HeLa cells.…”

“…Though in our study we did not use L929 cells, it can be apprehended from the reported data that the tolerance of heavy metal (Cu) ions by eukaryotic cell line is higher. On the one hand, there are previous published reports where growth of eukaryotic cells on copper surfaces has also been reported . On the other hand the tolerance of heavy metal (Cu) by bacteria is comparatively less (e.g., 1 × 10 –8 M or 0.6355 ppb of copper ion concentration is cytotoxic for Klebsiella aerogenes , a Gram-negative bacteria).…”

Polydimethylsiloxane Membranes Incorporating Metal–Organic Frameworks for the Sustained Release of Antibacterial Agents

“…Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a polymer has low cost and low toxicity and is easy to prepare, which has been used as a matrix material for applications in various scenarios. − PDMS is an excellent hydrophobic material, and it has been used as a matrix for the treatment of dirt in water . As an excellent hydrophobic material, Zhang et al (2014) used PDMS coatings to improve the hydrophobicity of MOF-5, HKUST-1, and ZnBT.…”