Polydipsia in the chronically mentally ill: A review

Boyd, Mary Ann

doi:10.1016/0883-9417(90)90005-6

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…A number of psychiatric disorders have been linked with psychogenic polydipsia. The most commonly reported psychiatric disorder is chronic schizophrenia, but it may also occur in anorexia nervosa [ 2 ] and psychotic depression and bipolar psychosis [ 7 , 8 ]. A specific link to previous alcohol misuse has been found [ 9 ], a diagnosis which, along with bipolar disorder with psychotic symptoms, applies to the patient described in this report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychogenic Polydipsia: The Result, or Cause of, Deteriorating Psychotic Symptoms? A Case Report of the Consequences of Water Intoxication

Gill

McCauley²

2015

Case Reports in Psychiatry

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Water intoxication is a rare condition characterised by overconsumption of water. It can occur in athletes engaging in endurance sports, users of MDMA (ecstasy), and patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. This case outlines water intoxication in a patient with psychogenic polydipsia. When the kidney's capacity to compensate for exaggerated water intake is exceeded, hypotonic hyperhydration results. Consequences can involve headaches, behavioural changes, muscular weakness, twitching, vomiting, confusion, irritability, drowsiness, and seizures. Cerebral oedema can lead to brain damage and eventual death. In this case, psychogenic polydipsia led to significant hyponatraemia, cerebral oedema, and tonic-clonic seizures. Differential diagnoses for hyponatraemia are outlined. The aetiology of psychogenic polydipsia is uncertain, but postulated hypotheses are explored. Psychogenic polydipsia occurs in up 20% of psychiatric patients and this case serves to remind us to be cognizant of water overconsumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychogenic Polydipsia: The Result, or Cause of, Deteriorating Psychotic Symptoms? A Case Report of the Consequences of Water Intoxication

Gill

McCauley²

2015

Case Reports in Psychiatry

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“…Psychogenic polydipsia may be associated with several psychiatric conditions including psychotic depression, manic-depressive psychosis, and most commonly schizophrenia with up to 18% of patients in mental hospitals displaying polydipsic behavior [3,13,14]. The pathogenesis of the polydipsia may be hypersensitivity to vasopressin, an increase in dopamine activity, or a defect in osmoregulation [3,14–16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute correction of hyponatremia secondary to psychogenic polydipsia

et al. 2012

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SummaryBackground:Psychogenic polydipsia is prevalent amongst psychiatric patients, but less common in the general population. Generally, hyponatremia ensues with complications of cerebral edema resulting in confusion, seizures, coma, and death. Rapid correction of serum sodium levels can lead to further complications of osmotic demyelination of neurons, e.g. central pontine myelinolysis.Case Report:We present a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with seizures while being treated at a drug rehabilitation facility. He was discovered to be hyponatremic secondary to suspected psychogenic polydipsia. The patient impressively responded to treatment of fluid restriction and desmopressin and symptoms improved.Conclusions:Among the causes of hyponatremia, psychogenic polydipsia may be more difficult to diagnose especially if an apparent psychiatric condition is not present. Current literature supports cautious correction of hyponatremia to prevent complications. However, rapid corrections may be driven by the physiology of the patient and may not be avoidable. Fortunately, our case illustrates rapid, positive outcomes for the patient.

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“…Schizophrenia is the most commonly associated psychiatric disorder with 80% of cases reported with PP [1,2]. The other psychiatric disorders linked to PP are anorexia nervosa, psychotic depression, and bipolar depression [4,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Naltrexone in Improving Compulsive Drinking in Psychogenic Polydipsia

Rizvi¹,

Gold²,

Khan³

2019

Cureus

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Psychogenic polydipsia or self-induced water intoxication is a potentially lethal condition seen in many chronic psychiatric patients. This is a literature review based on therapeutic significance of Naltrexone in improving compulsive water drinking behavior in chronic psychiatrically ill patients with psychogenic polydipsia. Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist approved by FDA for alcohol dependence. Extensive literature search provides a line of evidence that suggests correlation of opioid receptor with compulsive water ingestion in animals. However, there is limited data regarding clinical utility of naltrexone in improving psychogenic polydipsia in human species. This review highlights the necessity for further research and trials to elucidate the role of naltrexone in human psychogenic drinking behavior.

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Polydipsia in the chronically mentally ill: A review

Cited by 14 publications

References 67 publications

Psychogenic Polydipsia: The Result, or Cause of, Deteriorating Psychotic Symptoms? A Case Report of the Consequences of Water Intoxication

Psychogenic Polydipsia: The Result, or Cause of, Deteriorating Psychotic Symptoms? A Case Report of the Consequences of Water Intoxication

Acute correction of hyponatremia secondary to psychogenic polydipsia

Role of Naltrexone in Improving Compulsive Drinking in Psychogenic Polydipsia

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