2021
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126239
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Polydisperse Aerosol Transport and Deposition in Upper Airways of Age-Specific Lung

Abstract: A comprehensive understanding of airflow characteristics and particle transport in the human lung can be useful in modelling to inform clinical diagnosis, treatment, and management, including prescription medication and risk assessment for rehabilitation. One of the difficulties in clinical treatment of lung disorders lies in the patients’ variable physical lung characteristics caused by age, amongst other factors, such as different lung sizes. A precise understanding of the comparison between different age gr… Show more

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Cited by 36 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…In addition, the conditions of stationary walls and no-slip are applied to the airway walls. A ‘trap’ boundary condition is also used as a Discrete Phase Model (DPM) wall condition [ 46 , 47 ]. As a result of the trap conditions, particles should be deposited when the particle touches the lung wall.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, the conditions of stationary walls and no-slip are applied to the airway walls. A ‘trap’ boundary condition is also used as a Discrete Phase Model (DPM) wall condition [ 46 , 47 ]. As a result of the trap conditions, particles should be deposited when the particle touches the lung wall.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies to date mostly used uniform inlet conditions for one-way inhalation ( Islam et al , 2021a ; Kuprat, 2021 ; Zhao et al , 2021 ) and parabolic ( Bass et al , 2021 ; Chen et al , 2021 ; Fan et al , 2021 ; Hayati et al , 2021 ). During inhalation, the uniform flow field could become highly turbulent at the mouth–throat area at a flow rate of >30 lpm ( Islam et al , 2018 ; Islam et al , 2019 ; Kleinstreuer and Zhang, 2003 ; Zhang et al , 2005 ), and the flow profile becomes parabolic at the trachea and upper airways ( Gemci et al , 2008 ; Islam et al , 2017 ). This study used uniform inlet conditions at the mouth–throat inlet.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This study did not consider all the bifurcations; only the first five bifurcations were considered in the analysis. Therefore, the open outlet condition used at the outlet is adopted from the published literature ( Cui et al , 2021 ; Islam et al , 2021a ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The velocity inlet and pressure outlet boundary conditions are considered at the lung model's inlet and outlet, respectively [29][30][31][32][33]. The airway wall was considered to be stationary, and a non-slip boundary condition is used on the wall surface [34][35][36]. The inhaled air flow rate is considered evenly distributed among all the 2 n bifurcations of generation G-n. As a result, the inlet air flow rate of each inlet of G-n is Q n e = Q in /2 n , where Q in is the inlet flow rate at G0.…”
Section: Airflow Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%