Polydopamine‐Based Nanoparticles for Photothermal Therapy/Chemotherapy and their Synergistic Therapy with Autophagy Inhibitor to Promote Antitumor Treatment

Abstract

Polydopamine (PDA) has attracted much attention recently due to its strong adhesion capability to most substrates. After combining with organic (such as organic metal framework, micelles, hydrogel, polypeptide copolymer) or inorganic nanomaterials (such as gold, silicon, carbon), polydopamine‐based nanoparticles (PDA NPs) exhibit the merging of characteristics. Until now, the preparation methods, polymerization mechanism, and photothermal therapy (PTT) or chemotherapy (CT) applications of PDA NPs have been reported detailly. Since the PTT or CT treatment process is often accompanied by exogenous stimuli, tumor cells usually induce pro‐survival autophagy to protect the cells from further damage, which will weaken the therapeutic effect. Therefore, an in‐depth understanding of PDA NPs modulated PTT, CT, and autophagy is required. However, this association is rarely reviewed. Herein, we briefly described the relationship between PTT/CT, autophagy, and tumor treatment. Then, the outstanding performances of PDA NPs in PTT/CT and their combination with autophagy inhibitors for tumor synergistic therapy have been summarized. This work is expected to shed light on the multi‐strategy antitumor therapy applications of PDA NPs.

A Review on Hydrogels with Photothermal Effect in Wound Healing and Bone Tissue Engineering

“…Organic materials with photothermal conversion ability have also received extensive attention because of their good degradation properties and excellent biocompatibility. Research studies on organic photothermal conversion materials focused on dyes such as IR-820 [71,72], IR-780 [73,74], indocyanine green (ICG) [75], and conjugated polymers such as poly-dopamine (PDA) [76,77], poly-pyrrole [78,79], and poly-aniline [80]. Dopamine (DA), as a material with excellent photothermal conversion and adhesion abilities, has attracted increasing attention.…”

A simple, universal and multifunctional template agent for personalized treatment of bone tumors

“…We designed and synthesized a PDA-based bone-targeting nanoparticle for NIR agents for PTT because of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and biosafety [ 42 ]. In the synthesis process, PDA was modified with ALN via Michael addition reactions, which could improve the bone-targeted nature of nanoparticles due to the phosphonate group that could bind to the surfaces of HA though chelating with calcium ions [ 43 ].…”

A polydopamine nanomedicine used in photothermal therapy for liver cancer knocks down the anti-cancer target NEDD8-E3 ligase ROC1 (RBX1)

“…Dopamine (a natural melanin) has been shown to have good biocompatibility as a nanocarrier [ 38 ]. In theory, the metabolic products of dopamine are biodegradable homovanillic acid and trihydroxyphenylacetic acid [ 39 ].…”