Polyelectrolyte Complexes Formed by Calf Thymus DNA and Aliphatic Ionenes: Unexpected Change in Stability upon Variation of Chain Length of Ionenes of Different Charge Density

Zelikin, Alexander N.; Izumrudov, Vladimir A.

doi:10.1002/1616-5195(20020201)2:2<78::aid-mabi78>3.0.co;2-7

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The complexation of polyelectrolytes and, in particular, the formation of polyplexes are complicated processes in which a variety of parameters may influence the structure, stability, and effectiveness of the complex. Such parameters are polymer chain length and topology, , charge density, N/P ratio, ionic strength, solvent polarity, order of mixing and preparation protocol. − In the present contribution we systematically studied the complexation of two DNA samples–one small, 113 bp from salmon sperm and one large, 2000 bp from salmon testes–with polymer samples, representing two homoPVBTMAC polymers of different chain lengths and two block copolymers PVBTMAC-POEGMA of different PVBTMAC contents (Table ). The total molar mass was in the 20–40 kDa range, whereas the PVBTMAC content varied from about 19 and 46% for the two copolymers to 100% for homopolymers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) Homo and Block Copolymers Complexation with DNA

et al. 2016

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In this work we focus on the use of novel homo and block copolymers based on poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) as gene delivery vectors. The homopolymers and block copolymers were synthesized by RAFT polymerization schemes and molecularly characterized. DNA/polymer complexes (polyplexes) in a wide range of N/P (amino-to-phosphate groups) ratios were prepared. The ability of the novel polymers to form complexes with linear DNA was investigated by light scattering, zeta potential, and ethidium bromide fluorescence quenching measurements. The resulting polyplexes were in the size range of 80-300 nm and their surface potential changed from negative to positive depending on the N/P ratio. The stability of polyplexes was monitored by changes in their hydrodynamic parameters in the presence of salt. The novel vector systems were visualized by transmission electron microscopy. The influence of factors such as molar mass, content, and chemical structure of the polycationic moieties as well as presence of a hydrophilic poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate] block on the structure and stability of the polyplexes, kinetics of their formation, and effectiveness of the (co)polymers to shrink and pack DNA was discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) Homo and Block Copolymers Complexation with DNA

et al. 2016

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“…The role of double hydrophilic polyanions in the formation of soluble IPECs stable in physiological conditions have been also investigated 24, 25. By their free charges, soluble NIPECs have specific applications in medicine as antithrombogenic agents, artificial immunogens, and vaccines,18–20, 26, 27 targeting delivery of genes in vivo for gene therapy 28–30…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyelectrolyte complexes. VI. Polycation structure, polyanion molar mass, and polyion concentration effects on complex nanoparticles based on poly(sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate)

Drăgan¹,

Schwarz

2004

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The formation and characterization of some interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) nanoparticles based on poly(sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate) (NaPAMPS), as a function of the polycation structure, polyanion molar mass, and polyion concentration, were followed in this work. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and two polycations (PCs) containing (N,N‐dimethyl‐2‐hydroxypropyleneammonium chloride) units in the backbone (PCA5 and PCA5D1) were used as starting polyions. The complex stoichiometry, (n−/n+)iso, was pointed out by optical density at 500 nm (OD500), polyelectrolyte titration, and dynamic light scattering. IPEC nanoparticle sizes were influenced by the polycation structure and polyanion molar mass only before the complex stoichiometry, which was higher for the more hydrophilic polycations (PCA5 and PCA5D1) and for a higher NaPAMPS molar mass, and were almost independent of these factors after that, at a flow rate of the added polyion of about 0.28 mL × (mL PC)−1 × h−1. The IPEC nanoparticle sizes remained almost constant for more than 2 weeks, both before and after the complex stoichiometry, at low concentrations of polyions. NIPECs as stable colloidal dispersions with positive charges in excess were prepared at a ratio between charges (n−/n+) of 0.7, and their storage colloidal stability, as a function of the polycation structure and polyion concentration (from 0.8 to ca. 7.8 mmol/L), was demonstrated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 2495–2505, 2004

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“…The complexation of DNA with oppositely charged polyelectrolyte or multivalent counterions has been well studied in the literature. In the case of polyelectrolyte, the structure of the complex is controlled by a variety of parameters, such as chain length and topology, 12,13 charge density, 14 ionic strength, 15 solvent polarity, 16 mixing ratio, 17 and mixing order. 18 Long-term kinetic studies indicated that the complex formed by long-chain DNA and short-chain poly(L-lysine) (PLL) underwent three stages to reach the equilibrium state, at which the +/À charge ratio was close to 0.5, in agreement with the value of the nucleosome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local de-condensation of double-stranded DNA in oppositely charged polyelectrolyte as induced by spermidine

et al. 2015

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How polyamines such as spermidine cooperate with histone to condense and de-condense DNA during transcription has not been clarified. In this work, using the complex of DNA and poly(L-lysine) (PLL) at +/- ratio of 0.5 as a model of nucleosome, we monitored the de-condensation of DNA in the presence of spermidine. As revealed by the results from atomic force microscopy and time-resolved laser light scattering, spermidine was able to transform the spherical complex into a core-shelled structure, with the hard core being the DNA-PLL complex and the soft shell being DNA and spermidine. The soft shell evolved into a coiled DNA conformation with time. Such a local de-condensation process should be helpful in understanding the DNA transcription and cell division process in vivo.

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Polyelectrolyte Complexes Formed by Calf Thymus DNA and Aliphatic Ionenes: Unexpected Change in Stability upon Variation of Chain Length of Ionenes of Different Charge Density

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) Homo and Block Copolymers Complexation with DNA

Poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) Homo and Block Copolymers Complexation with DNA

Polyelectrolyte complexes. VI. Polycation structure, polyanion molar mass, and polyion concentration effects on complex nanoparticles based on poly(sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate)

Local de-condensation of double-stranded DNA in oppositely charged polyelectrolyte as induced by spermidine

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