Polyester Composite and Waste of Natural Materials Recyclable: Fracture Aspect After Tensile Test

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the fractography of polymeric composites reinforced by recyclable materials, verifying the main types of defects present in the manufactured materials. Theoretical Framework: Composites can be understood as mutltiphasic materials that present a significant portion of the properties of their constintuintes. There are two phases, matrz and reinforcement. From the fractofrgographic analysis of the fracture surface of the material, one can evaluate the mechanisms of failure and interaction between the interfaces of the phases. Method: Specimens were manufactured using silicone molds according to ASTM D638. The matrix was unsaturated and pre-accelerated terephthalic polyester resin, while the reinforcement materials were: Jatoba wood residues, the hybridization of Jute and Sisal fibers, the hybrid of sisal and coffee grounds, and açaí leaves. Results and Discussion: For the composite with reinforcement of wood waste, there was a predominance of voids. For hybrids, the presence of the fibers culminated in the pull-out defect, therefore, using sisal fibers and coffee grounds, the presence of voids was also observed. The composite with acai leaves presented delamination between the reinforcement layers and the matrix. Research Implications: The analysis of the predominant defects, evaluates the possibility of improvement of the manufacturing process in order to certify the presence of this and promote and improve the efficiency of handling the material. Originality/Value: The use of natural and recyclable materials is of great importance from a sustainable analysis. In addition, it aims to generate added value to raw materials with little or no functionality.