Polyesters, Polycarbonates and Polyamides Based on Renewable Resources

Noordover, Bart A. J.

doi:10.1002/9781118217689.ch7

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Sustainable development is commonly defined as the growth and satisfaction of current needs without compromising the scope of subsequent generations to meet their own needs [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Thus, affording materials in an environmentally friendly way and, consequently, reducing the use of non-renewable resources, is the main reason why the chemical industry is constantly pursuing alternatives for the synthesis of new polymers using precursors obtained from natural resources such as vegetable oils, saccharides, and biomass, among others that are available on a large scale and can be effectively used as monomers [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Partially Renewable Oleic Acid-Based Ionomers for Proton Exchange Membranes

et al. 2020

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The future availability of synthetic polymers is compromised due to the continuous depletion of fossil reserves; thus, the quest for sustainable and eco-friendly specialty polymers is of the utmost importance to ensure our lifestyle. In this regard, this study reports on the use of oleic acid as a renewable source to develop new ionomers intended for proton exchange membranes. Firstly, the cross-metathesis of oleic acid was conducted to yield a renewable and unsaturated long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, which was further subjected to polycondensation reactions with two aromatic diamines, 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline and 4,4′-diamino-2,2′-stilbenedisulfonic acid, as comonomers for the synthesis of a series of partially renewable aromatic-aliphatic polyamides with an increasing degree of sulfonation (DS). The polymer chemical structures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C, and 19F NMR) spectroscopy, which revealed that the DS was effectively tailored by adjusting the feed molar ratio of the diamines. Next, we performed a study involving the ion exchange capacity, the water uptake, and the proton conductivity in membranes prepared from these partially renewable long-chain polyamides, along with a thorough characterization of the thermomechanical and physical properties. The highest value of the proton conductivity determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was found to be 1.55 mS cm−1 at 30 °C after activation of the polymer membrane.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Partially Renewable Oleic Acid-Based Ionomers for Proton Exchange Membranes

et al. 2020

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“…Although more stable toward hydrolysis than their polyester counterparts, polycarbonates are able to degrade in water and are, thus, considered as aqueous degradable materials. 6 Strategies for the use of renewables in polycarbonates include polycondensation of feedstock products such as aliphatic diols, 7 ring-opening polymerization of 6-membered cyclic carbonates, 8 epoxides and carbon dioxide-based systems, 9 , 10 polycondensation of cereal-based products such as 1,4:3,6-isosorbide, 11 and natural phenols to afford copolymers. 12 Noteworthy, biorenewable-based polycarbonates have found applications as powder coating agents 13 and as drug delivery vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(carbonate–amide)s Derived from Bio-Based Resources: Poly(ferulic acid-co-tyrosine)

et al. 2014

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Ferulic acid (FA), a bio-based resource found in fruits and vegetables, was coupled with a hydroxyl-amino acid to generate a new class of monomers to afford poly(carbonate–amide)s with potential to degrade into natural products. l-Serine was first selected as the hydroxyl-amino partner for FA, from which the activated p-nitrophenyl carbonate monomer was synthesized. Unfortunately, polymerizations were unsuccessful, and the elimination product was systematically obtained. To avoid elimination, we revised our strategy and used l-tyrosine ethyl ester, which lacks an acidic proton on the α position of the ethyl ester. Four new monomers were synthesized and converted into the corresponding poly(carbonate–amide)s with specific regioselectivities. The polymers were fully characterized through thermal and spectroscopic analyses. Preliminary fluorescent studies revealed interesting photophysical properties for the monomers and their corresponding poly(carbonate–amide)s, beyond the fluorescence characteristics of l-tyrosine and FA, making these materials potentially viable for sensing and/or imaging applications, in addition to their attractiveness as engineering materials derived from renewable resources.

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“…New ways of producing traditional plastics from natural vegetable oils and plant and wood derivatives are sought for. For example, biobased polyethylene terephthalate [9], polycarbonate [10], polyethylene [11], polyamide [12], epoxide oligomers [13], and polyurethanes [14] can be produced. Some of biobased polymers, for example, polyhydroxyalkanoates [15], polylactides [16], and starch [17] are fully biodegradable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Structural Properties of Free Films from Rapeseed Oil-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Gaidukov

Cābulis

Gromilova

et al. 2013

International Journal of Polymer Science

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The preparation of free standing films of biobased rigid polyurethanes (PU) from rapeseed oil (RO) and diethanolamine (DEA) polyol and its modification with organomontmorillonite (OMMT) nanoparticles are described. Heat enthalpy of the interaction duringin situmixing of RO/DEA polyol and OMMT is measured in isothermal profile. The Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis (FTIR-ATR) is used to determine the urethane group concentration and hydrogen bonds formation in PU and PU/OMMT nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction shows the formation of intercalated and exfoliated structures of OMMT. The glass-transition temperature is used to demonstrate the formation for the intercalated and exfoliated nanocomposites of an interphase with a possible compact structure and the altered polymer chain mobility. The prepared PU/OMMT nanocomposites are also characterized by the enhanced thermal degradation characteristics upon heating in air atmosphere.

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Polyesters, Polycarbonates and Polyamides Based on Renewable Resources

Cited by 10 publications

References 101 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Partially Renewable Oleic Acid-Based Ionomers for Proton Exchange Membranes

Synthesis and Characterization of Partially Renewable Oleic Acid-Based Ionomers for Proton Exchange Membranes

Poly(carbonate–amide)s Derived from Bio-Based Resources: Poly(ferulic acid-co-tyrosine)

Preparation and Structural Properties of Free Films from Rapeseed Oil-Based Rigid Polyurethane-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

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